MCB 3020 Exam 2 UCF Microbiology Spring 2024 Questions and Answers
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Course
MCB 3020
Institution
MCB 3020
DNA is the template for: - Answer-Its own replication (DNA Replication)
RNA (rRNA, tRNA, are rRNA). Known as Transcription
mRNA is the template for _______. This is known as... - Answer-Proteins; Translation
DNA replication is done by... - Answer-DNA polymerase
Transcription is done by....
MCB 3020 Exam 2 UCF Microbiology
Spring 2024 Questions and Answers
DNA is the template for: - Answer-Its own replication (DNA Replication)
RNA (rRNA, tRNA, are rRNA). Known as Transcription
mRNA is the template for _______. This is known as... - Answer-Proteins; Translation
DNA replication is done by... - Answer-DNA polymerase
Transcription is done by... - Answer-RNA polymerase
Translation is done by... - Answer-Ribosomes
The Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment (1944); what did it show? - Answer-showed
that the transforming principle was DNA
The Hershey-Chase experiment (1952) - Answer-Used bacteriophage T2 infection as
model
--DNA was labeled with 32P
--the protein coat was labeled with 35S
In the Hershey-Chase Experiment, DNA was labeled with ____, while the protein coat
was labeled with ____. - Answer-32P; 35S
In the Hershey-Chase Experiment, only the labeled ____ entered the bacterial cell -
Answer-DNA
What happened to the labeled protein coat in the Hershey-Chase Experiment? -
Answer-It remained outside of the cell
What are the 2 main classes of Nucleic Acids? - Answer-DNA and RNA
Nucleic Acids are polymers of ________ and are linked together by _________ bonds. -
Answer-Nucleotides; Phosphodiester
DNA vs RNA: What are the 3 main differences? - Answer-1.The nitrogenous bases they
contain
2.The sugars they contain
3.Whether they are single or double stranded
,DNA vs RNA: Nitrogenous Bases - Answer-RNA = adenine, guanine, cytosine, and
uracil
DNA = adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
DNA vs RNA: Sugars - Answer-RNA = ribose
DNA = deoxyribose
DNA vs RNA: Single or Double stranded - Answer-RNA = Single stranded
DNA= double stranded
Name the 3 components of a Nucleotide - Answer-1) a five carbon sugar
2) a nitrogenous base: purine or pyrimidine
3) phosphate
5' end vs 3' end - Answer-5' end = Beginning of the nucleic acid strand
3' end = end of the nucleic acid strand is
NucleoSide vs NucleoTide - Answer-Nucleoside (2 parts) = nitrogenous base and
pentose sugar
Nucleotide (3 parts) = nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate
Purines vs Pyrimidines: (number of rings and what nucleotides they have) - Answer-
Purines =
-cyclic nitrogenous bases consisting of two joined rings
-adenine and guanine (PURe As Gold)
Pyrimidines =
-cyclic nitrogenous bases consisting of single ring
-uracil, cytosine, and thymine
DNA molecule is a double-stranded helix held together by __________ bonds between
base pairs. The two strands are ____-__________. - Answer-Hydrogen; anti-parallel
What are the base pairings for DNA? How many bonds are their between each pairing?
- Answer-Adenine - Thymine
(pair by 2 hydrogen bonds)
Guanine - Cytosine
(pair by 3 hydrogen bonds)
, What causes Major and Minor grooves to form? - Answer-When the two DNA strands
twist around each other
Name the 3 RNAs - Answer-rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA
Although most RNA molecules are single stranded, some may contain _______
structure. - Answer-Tertiary
Some viruses contain double stranded RNA:
This includes what virus? What does this virus cause?
Who does this virus tend to affect? - Answer-Includes the Rotavirus which causes acute
gastroenteritis in infants and young children
Proteins are polymers known as.... - Answer-Polypeptides
Amino acids are the ______ that make up proteins. - Answer-Monomers
What type of covalent bond is used in polypeptides? - Answer-Peptide bonds
What is the beginning of a polypeptide protein called? What is the end called? - Answer-
Amino-terminus (N) ; Carboxyl-terminus (C)
A polypeptide protein can become denatured with _____ or_____. - Answer-Heat or pH
Amino acids have a central (alpha) carbon attached to.... (hint: 4 things) - Answer-a) a
hydrogen
b) an R group (gives the characteristic)
c) an amino group
d) a carboxylic acid group
TRUE or FALSE: Amino acids can be polar, nonpolar, or charged depending on side
chain - Answer-TRUE
DNA replication is semi-______
What does that mean? - Answer-Conservative.
Semi-conservative literally means "Half conserved". In case of DNA , it is used for DNA
replication in which one strand of DNA is conserved while other is not. The primary
structure of DNA is conserved but secondary structure is disrupted.
DNA replication results in the whole _________ being replicated and is dependent on a
LOT of different proteins. - Answer-Genome
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