Exam (elaborations)
WGU C484 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND LEADERSHIP
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WGU C484 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND LEADERSHIP
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WGU C484 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ANDLEADERSHIP
personality - Answers-Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's behavior
Heredity - Answers-Factors determined at conception; one's biological, physiological,
and inherent psychological makeup
personality traits - Answers-Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's
behavior
Big Five model - Answers-A personality assessment model that taps five basic
dimensions
extroversion - Answers-A Big Five personality dimension describing someone who is
sociable, gregarious, and assertive
core self-evaluation - Answers-Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their
capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Machiavellianism - Answers-The degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains
emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means
narcissism - Answers-The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-
importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement
self-monitoring - Answers-A personality trait that measures an individual's ability to
adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors
proactive personality - Answers-People who identify opportunities, show initiative, take
action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs
Other-orientation - Answers-A personality trait that reflects the extent to which decisions
are affected by social influences and concerns vs. our own well-being and outcomes
agreeableness - Answers-A Big Five personality dimension that describes someone
who is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting
conscientiousness - Answers-A Big Five personality dimension that describes someone
who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized
emotional stability - Answers-A Big Five personality dimension that characterizes
someone as calm, self-confident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and
insecure (negative)
,openness to experience - Answers-A personality dimension that characterizes someone
in terms of imagination, sensitivity, and curiosity
values - Answers-Basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of
existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of existence (content & intensity)
value system - Answers-A hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual's values in
terms of their intensity
terminal values - Answers-Desirable end-states of existence; the goals a person would
like to achieve during his or her lifetime
instrumental values - Answers-Preferable modes of behavior or means of achieving
one's terminal values
personality-job fit theory - Answers-A theory that identifies six personality types and
proposes that the fit between personality type and occupational environment determines
satisfaction and turnover
person-organization fit - Answers-Argues that people are attracted to and selected by
organizations that match their values, and they leave organizations that are not
compatible with their personalities
power distance - Answers-A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which
a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally
masculinity - Answers-A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which the
culture favors traditional masculine work roles of achievement, power, and control.
Societal values are characterized by assertiveness and materialism.
femininity - Answers-A national culture attribute that indicates little differentiation
between male and female roles; a high rating indicates that women are treated as the
equals of men in all aspects of the society.
uncertainty avoidance - Answers-A national culture attribute that describes the extent to
which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to
avoid them.
long-term orientation - Answers-A national culture attribute that emphasizes the future,
thrift, and persistence
short-term orientation - Answers-A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past
and present, respect for tradition, and fulfillment of social obligations
, perception - Answers-A process by which individuals organize and interpret their
sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
perceiver, situation, target - Answers-The factors in these three areas influence
perception
attribution theory - Answers-An attempt to determine whether an individual's behavior is
internally or externally caused
internally caused - Answers-Behaviors are those we believe to be under the personal
control of the individual
externally caused - Answers-Behaviors that we imagine the situation forced the
individual to do
Distinctiveness - Answers-Term for whether an individual displays different behaviors in
different situations
consensus - Answers-Term for when everyone who faces a similar situation
responds/behaves in the same way
consistency - Answers-Term for when a person responds/behaves the same way over
time
fundamental attribution error - Answers-The tendency to underestimate the influence of
external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making
judgments about the behavior of others
self-serving bias - Answers-The tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes
to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors
selective perception - Answers-The tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on
the basis of one's interests, background, experience, and attitudes
halo effect - Answers-The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on
the basis of a single characteristic
contrast effect - Answers-Evaluation of a person's characteristics that is affected by
comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the
same characteristics
stereotyping - Answers-Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group
to which that person belongs
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