100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
NRSG 421 GI Exam Questions And Correct Answers $9.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

NRSG 421 GI Exam Questions And Correct Answers

 4 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • NRSG 421 GI
  • Institution
  • NRSG 421 GI

NRSG 421 GI Exam Questions And Correct Answers...

Preview 3 out of 19  pages

  • October 10, 2024
  • 19
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • nrsg 421
  • nrsg 421 gi
  • nrsg 421 gi exam
  • NRSG 421 GI
  • NRSG 421 GI
avatar-seller
Easton
NRSG 421 GI Exam Questions And Correct Answers


What are the categories for acute abdominal pain? - ANSWER - Inflammatory (bacterial
or chemical cause)

- Mechanical (ileus or obstruction)

- Neoplastic (tumour obstructing nerves or vessels)

- Vascular (clot or atherosclerosis

- Congenital

- Traumatic



Acute pancreatitis can be divided into three categories. What are these categories? -
ANSWER - Mild acute pancreatitis

- Moderately severe acute pancreatitis

- Severe acute pancreatitis



Mild Acute Pancreatitis -ANSWER No organ failure, and no local or systemic
complications



Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis - ANSWER Defined as transient organ failure-no
more than 48 hours-and/or local or systemic complications in the absence of persistent
organ failure



Severe Acute Pancreatitis - ANSWER Evidence of one or more persistent organ failures



Some causes for acute pancreatitis? -ANSWER - Gall stones*

- Alcohol

- Infection (mumps, coxsackie B)

- Pancreatic tumours

,- Drugs (azathioprine, thiazide, valproic acid)

- Trauma

- Idiopathic (tropical pancreatitis, CF)

What are the two most common causes for chronic pancreatitis? -ANSWER- Alcoholism

- Idiopathic

What are some signs and symptoms of pancreatitis? -ANSWER- Acute onset of steady,
severe epigastric abdominal pain which may be upper right quadrant. Pain may vary
with cause. Pain partially relieved by leaning back or bending forward

Nausea and vomiting Dyspnea due to diaphragmatic inflammation, 2° to pancreatitis
Foul smelling, foamy, grey coloured stools Back pain What are some clinical findings
indicative of pancreatitis? - ANSWER - Upper epigastric abdominal pain on palpation
Abdominal distention and hypoactive bowel sounds from ileus caused by inflammation
May have jaundice Severe pancreatitis can present with fever, tachypnea, hypoxemia
and hypotension Cullen's sign Grey turner sign



What is Cullen's sign? - ANS Bruising around umbilicus



What is Grey Turner's sign? - ANS Bruising of the flanks



How is pancreatitis diagnosed? - ANS Diagnosis is made if 2 of the following 3 criteria
are met:

- Abdominal pain strongly suggestive of pancreatitis

- Amylase and/or lipase levels at least three times higher than normal

- Characteristic findings of pancreatic inflammation on either transabdominal CT or
ultrasound



Why are NG suction and NPO status used as medical management for pancreatitis? -
ANSWER These interventions suppress/reduce pancreatic enzyme secretions. It allows
the pancreas to rest with this decrease in stimulation.



Why might antibiotics be used to medically manage pancreatitis? - ANSWER Abx
therapy can help with early phase of infection because of inflammation and necrotic

, pancreatic tissue is a good medium for bacteria growth.



What are some surgical interventions that can be done to treat pancreatitis? -ANSWER-
Surgical drainage of retained necrotic fluid

- In case the acute pancreatitis is due to gallstones then urgent ERCP and endoscopic
sphincterotomy is performed along with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in order to
decrease the risk of recurrence.



What medicines can be administered to manage acute pancreatitis? -ANSWER-
Mophine: relief of pain

- Nitroglycerin: smooth muscle relaxation, pain relief

- Antispasmodics: inhibit vagal stimulation and pancreatic outflow

- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: decreases amount of pancreatic secretions and
concentration of bicarbonate

- Antacids: neutralize gastric pH

- H2 receptor antagonist: inhibits secretion of HCl which, in turn, reduces pancreatic
activity



What pharmacologic agents are used in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis? ANSWER
Pancrelipase

Insulin

HCl



What are key points for patient teaching with pancrelipase? - ANSWER - Will need to
take medication for life

-Check for pork allergy related

Take medication before, during or immediately after meals

Do not crush microspheres within capsules

Do not change brands without discussing with your doctor

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Easton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$9.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart