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BIO 322 (GCU) Midterm Test Questions And Already Passed Answers.
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6 Causes of Disease - Answer -heredity (chromosomal) -trauma -inflammation (infection) -hyperplasia (neoplasms: benign vs. malignant) -nutritional imbalances (obesity/malnutrition) -immunity (allergy) Atrophy - Answer decrease in cell size Hypertrophy - Answer increase in cell s...

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  • October 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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BIO 322 (GCU) Midterm Test Questions
And Already Passed Answers.
6 Causes of Disease - Answer -heredity (chromosomal)

-trauma

-inflammation (infection)

-hyperplasia (neoplasms: benign vs. malignant)

-nutritional imbalances (obesity/malnutrition)

-immunity (allergy)



Atrophy - Answer decrease in cell size



Hypertrophy - Answer increase in cell size



Hyperplasia - Answer increase in cell number



Metaplasia - Answer reversible replacement of 1 cell type by another (like smokers)



Dysplasia - Answer abnormal changes in size, shape & organization of matured cell



Necrosis - Answer evoked by non-physical events (disease)

-Coagulative: denature of proteins from gel to firm state (kidneys)

-Liquefactive: cells digested by own hydrolases- tissue becomes soft, walled off from healthy tissue
(neurons/glial cells in brain)

-Caseous (cheese-like): cells disintegrate & debris is walled off

-Fat: caused by lipases (breast, pancreas, abdominal)

-Gangrenous: dry (loss of O2 over long period of time) wet (bacteria & fast) gas (anaerobic bacteria
trapped, produce gas, often fatal)

, Apoptosis - Answer programmed cell death, energy dependent, affects individual cell



Hyperkalemia - Answer S/S: widened QRS and tall T wave



Hypokalemia - Answer S/S: shallow T wave



Hyponatremia - Answer S/S: Lethargy, HA, weakness, confusion

Cause: decreased Na in diet, prolonged sweating w/ H2O intake



Hypernatremia - Answer S/S: thirsty, low output of urine, tachycardia, hyperreflexia

Cause: increased Na, too little H2O, low ADH (diabetes insipidus)



Edema - Answer excessive accumulation of fluid in the IS spaces



SIADH - Answer S/S: HA, weakness, low serum osmolarity with high urine osmolarity

Cause: excessive ADH secretion



Menorrhagia - Answer excessive bleeding in regular intervals



Metrorrhagia - Answer irregular, frequent bleeding



DIC - Answer widespread clotting takes all the platelets which leads to hemorrhage



Menometrorrhagia - Answer excessive bleeding at irregular intervals



Respiratory Alkalosis - Answer pH matches CO2

high pH and low CO2



Polymenorrhea - Answer regular bleeding < 21 day intervals

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