NUR 2290 Exam 4 Final Cardiovascular/ Hematologic Alterations Questions Solved Correctly.
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Course
NUR 2290
Institution
NUR 2290
Compliance (Cardiac Vocabulary) - Answer the "stretch ability" of the myocardial walls
ex. how well stretch and contract like a squishy or hard ball
Elasticity (Cardiac Vocabulary) - Answer the ability of the myocardial wall to return to its original shape "snapback"
Contractility (Ca...
NUR 2290 Exam 4 Final Cardiovascular/
Hematologic Alterations Questions
Solved Correctly.
Compliance (Cardiac Vocabulary) - Answer the "stretch ability" of the myocardial walls
ex. how well stretch and contract like a squishy or hard ball
Elasticity (Cardiac Vocabulary) - Answer the ability of the myocardial wall to return to its original shape
"snapback"
Contractility (Cardiac Vocabulary) - Answer the force of the contraction generated by the myocardium
Pre-load - Answer the maximum degree of stretch of the myocardial muscle fibers just before
contraction
influenced by:
1. fluid volume (increase FV increase PL)
2. body position (laying down = more preload)
3. ischemia (not effective)
4. hypertrophy (muscle is too large)
5. pericardial restriction (unable to stretch and fill)
Afterload - Answer the resistance of the system (the amount of resistanfce that the heart must
overcome to pump the blood)
ex. small balloon lumen causes more effort to blow it up
Wall Stress - Answer the amount of strength and stretch required of the heart to pump
,Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - Answer the optimum pressure for assuring continuous oxygen and
nutrient supply to the body cells
MAP = systolic-diastolic/3 + diastolic
Normal range between 90-95
Arterial blood pressure is determined by ____________ and ________________. - Answer cardiac
output and resistance to blood flow
Stroke Volume (SV) - Answer the amount of blood ejected by the ventricles with each contraction
Starling's Law - Answer the more the normal myocardial fibers are stretched the greater the force with
which they snap back
Cardiac Output (CO) - Answer the volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle per minute
CO=SVRxHR
*SVR = systemic vascular resistance
as BP decreases HR increases, as BP increases HR decreases4ex
Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) - Answer vagus nerve may decreaseheart rate
, "rest & digest response"
BP decreases
CO decreases
HR decreases
Vasodilation occurs
Baroreceptors - Answer senses decreased pressure in the aortic arch and respond by increasing force
and rate of contraction
Chemoreceptors - Answer senses changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH and responds by changing
HR and respiratory rate
Total Peripheral Resistance - Answer the amount of obstruction to blood flow produced by the system
determined by:
1. valvular flexibility or stiffness (how well the valves open and close)
2. vascular resistance: impedance of arteries (how well they expand and contract)
3. volume of blood
Vascular resistance - Answer the pressure of the system is inversely proportional to the diameter of the
lumen, given a constant volume determined by the autonomic nervous system
as the lumen decreases, blood pressure increases
(ex. small straw and milkshake)
constricted narrow arteries have a high pressure, dilated arteries have a lower pressure
Localized myogenic response - Answer local blood vessels dilate or constrict in response to increases or
decreases in blood flow - autoregulation
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