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Biology 340 Final Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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Biology 340 Final Exam Questions AndCorrect Answers
During interphase-any part of the cell cycle other than M-phase, DNA is packed into the
nucleus by - ANSWER by histones that pull the DNA into nucleosomes and chromatin
fibers and by folding into higher order structures
In a DNA double helix - ANSWER the purine guanine pairs with the pyrimidine cytosine
Which of the following is TRUE of a chromosome during G1 phase of the cell cycle?
it is a single molecule of DNA
it contains a telomere at the end of the leading strand
it contains a single origin of replication at the centromere
it contains a several centromeres - ANSWER it is a single molecule of DNA
Which of the following lists gives TRUE important characteristics of DNA structure?
2 polymers of ribose, running anti-parallel to one another, and hydrogen bonded
together by nitrogenous bases
2 complementary strands, joined together by covalent bonds between nitrogenous
bases, coiled into a helix
,2 polymers of nucleotides, each polymer covalently linked through phosphates and
sugars of the nucleotides, and the 2 polymers linked by hydrogen bonds between
opposing nitrogenous bases
Complementary strands running anti-parallel to each other and held together by
histones - ANSWER 2 polymers of nucleotides, each polymer covalently linked through
phosphates and sugars of the nucleotides, and the 2 polymers linked by hydrogen
bonds between opposing nitrogenous bases
Nucleosomes - ANSWER are coiled into 30 nm chromatin fibers by the association of
histone protein H1
Modification of histone proteins affects the structure of chromatin and involves ANS
methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation of the N-terminal tail of the histone
Epigenetic inheritance is ANS the passing on of chromatin structure, not DNA sequence
DNA replication is a duplication of DNA that ANS involves primase
Okazaki fragments are small, newly synthesized DNA fragments that are - ANSWER
formed on the lagging strand template during DNA replication, and are complementary
and anti-parallel to the lagging strand template
Which of the following enzymes is NOT part of the elaborate DNA replication machine?
a. DNA primase
b. helicase
c. DNA polymerase
, d. telomerase - ANSWER d. telomerase
Mechanisms of mutation repair include DNA nucleotide excision repair through which
segments containing errors, such as pyrimidine dimers, are removed and replaced.
CRISPR Cas9 - ANSWER is a molecular complex, consisting of a synthetic guide RNA
molecule and Cas9 nuclease, used in experimental gene editing
Origins of replication in human DNA are - ANSWER sites where the double-stranded
DNA is opened and replication proceeds in 2 directions with 2 replication forks
Which one of the following statements about DNA replication is NOT true?
a. DNA replication is semi-conservative; DNA strands remain intact and serve as
templates during replication
b. DNA replication proceeds 5' to 3'; nucleotides are added only at the 3' end of a DNA
strand
c. helicase, DNA primase, and DNA polymerase are the important enzymes of DNA
replication
d. telomerase is the enzyme responsible for initiating DNA replication that begins at the
end of the chromosomes - ANSWER d. telomerase is the enzyme responsible for
initiating DNA replication that begins at the end of the chromosomes
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the cell cycle?
a. the cell cycle is driven by the activity of Cdks that are always-on
b. it typically consists of 4 stages in the cells of eukaryotes
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