WGU C784-Statistics Mod 5
When one variable causes change in another, we call the first variable the
___________________ variable*.
The affected variable is called the _______________ variable*. - ANS When one variable
causes change in another, we call the first variable the explanatory variable*.
The affected variable is called the response variable*.
In a randomized experiment, the researcher manipulates values of the explanatory variable and
measures the resulting changes in the response variable. The different values of the
explanatory variable are called treatments. An experimental unit is a single object or individual
to be measured.
A two-way table, also known as a two-way frequency table or contingency table, is used to show
the relationship between two ______________________variables ( C→C ); the rows show the
categories of one variable, and the columns show the categories of the other variable. - ANS
categorical variables ( C→C )
______________________. These represent the total number of instances that fall in both the
corresponding row and header.
The data in the green cells show _______________________________. These are equal to the
sum of the number of individuals in the corresponding row or column. - ANS The cells in yellow
show joint frequencies*. These represent the total number of instances that fall in both the
corresponding row and header.
For example, data in the "Male" row and "With Autism" column counts the number of males with
autism.
The data in the green cells show marginal frequencies*. These are equal to the sum of the
number of individuals in the corresponding row or column. For example, data in the "Totals"
column and "Female" row shows the total number of females in the study. It may be helpful to
remember that marginal frequencies appear in the margins of the table.
The bottom, right cell (in both the "Totals" column and the "Totals" row) measures the total
number of individuals in the study.
, The relationship between two variables that are both quantitative can be displayed in a
__________________________. - ANS scatterplot;
As we've seen earlier, every point on a coordinate plane can be represented by an ordered
pair*, ( x , y ). Here, the x -value is typically the _________________variable's value for a piece
of data, and the y -value is the corresponding value for the
________________________variable. A simple way to remember this fact is that the term
"explanatory" has an " x " in it. - ANS explanatory variable; response variable
Side-by-side boxplots are a good choice for two-variable data where the explanatory variable is
____________ data and the response variable is ____________ data. - ANS Categorical
Quantitative
Which variable, explanatory or response, is displayed on the x -axis on side-by-side boxplots? -
ANS Side-by-side boxplots can be horizontal or vertical, so either variable (explanatory or
response) can be displayed on the x -axis.
A scatterplot is a good choice to display two-variable data that are both __________ variables. -
ANS Quantitative
The relationship between the x -variable and the y -variable is called _____________. - ANS
Correlation
What determines the location of a dot on a scatter plot? - ANS A dot is placed on a scatter plot
according to its
x - and y -value.
When analyzing a possible relationship for two-variable data, if both variables are categorical,
what is the most appropriate choice to display the data?
a) Side-by-side boxplots
b) Scatterplot
c) Bar chart
d) Two-way frequency table
e) Histogram - ANS Answer: D
A two-way frequency table is the most appropriate way to graphically display a possible
relationship for two-variable data, when both variables are categorical.
A hospital hires an independent consulting firm to perform a study about patients with high
blood pressure, and the medicine they are being prescribed. The study is examining the
relationship between a patient's starting blood pressure when they entered the treatment
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