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ATI Fluid and Electrolytes Questions WITH Complete Solutions
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ATI Fluid and Electrolytes Questions WITH Complete Solutions
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ATI Fluid and Electrolytes Questions WITHComplete Solutions
A nurse is admitting a client who reports nausea, vomiting, and weakness.
The client has dry oral mucous membranes and blood pressure 102/64 mm
Hg. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as
manifestations of fluid volume deficit? (Select all that apply.)
A. Decreased skin turgor
B. Concentrated urine
C. Bradycardia
D. Low-grade fever
E. Tachypnea - -A; Decreased skin turgor is a manifestation present with
fluid volume deficit. Skin turgor is decreased due to the lack of fluid within
the body and results in dryness of the skin.
B; Concentrated urine is a manifestation present with fluid volume deficit.
Urine is concentrated due to lack of fluid in the vascular system, causing a
decreased profusion of the kidneys resulting in an increased urine specific
gravity.
D; Low-grade fever is a manifestation present with fluid volume deficit. Low-
grade fever is one of the body's ways to maintain homeostasis to
compensate for lack of fluid within the body.
E; Tachypnea is a manifestation present with fluid volume deficit. Increased
respirations are the body's way to obtain oxygen due to the lack of fluid
volume within the body.
-A nurse is admitting an older adult client who reports a weight gain of 2.3
kg (5 lb) in 48 hr. Which of the following manifestations of fluid volume
excess should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
A. Dyspnea
B. Edema
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
E. Weakness - -A; Dyspnea is a manifestation present with fluid volume
excess. Dyspnea is due to an excess of fluids within the body and lungs, and
the client is struggling to breathe to obtain oxygen.
B; Weight gain can be a result of edema.
D; Blood pressure rises as the heart must work harder due to the excess
fluid.
E; Weakness is due to the excess fluid that is retained, which depletes
energy and increases the workload for the body.
-A nurse is assessing a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect?
, A. Moist skin
B. Distended neck veins
C. Increased urinary output
D. Tachycardia - -D; Tachycardia is an attempt to maintain blood pressure, a
manifestation of fluid volume deficit.
-A nurse is caring for a client in a long-term facility who has become weak,
confused, and experienced dizziness when standing. The client's
temperature is 38.3 degrees C (100.9 degrees F), pulse 92/min, respirations
20/min, and blood pressure 108/60 mm Hg. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take?
A. Initiate fluid restrictions to limit intake
B. Check for peripheral edema
C. Encourage the client to ambulate to promote oxygenation
D. Monitor for orthostatic hypotension - -D; Monitor for orthostatic
hypotension because they have manifestations of dehydration due to
decreased circulatory volume.
-A nurse is caring for a client who has a blood sodium level 133 mEg/L and
blood potassium level 3.4 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that which of
the following treatments can result in these laboratory findings?
A. Three tap water enemas
B. 0.9% NaCl solution IV at 50 ml/hr
C. 5% dextrose with 0.45% NaCl solution with 20 mEq of K+ IV at 80 mL/hr
D. Antibiotic therapy - -A; Three tap water enemas can result in a decrease
in blood sodium and potassium. Tap water is hypotonic, and gastrointestinal
losses are isotonic. This creates an imbalance and solute dilution.
-A nurse is caring for a client who has a blood potassium 5.4 mEq/L. The
nurse should assess for which of the following manifestations?
A. ECG changes
B. Constipation
C. Polyuria
D. Paresthesia - -A; Assess for ECG changes. Potassium levels can affect the
heart and result in arrhythmias.
-A nurse is caring for a client who has a NGT attached to low intermittent
suctioning. The nurse should monitor for which of the following electrolyte
imbalances?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
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