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Blood Bank - Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN) - Exam 3 - Dr. Kolajki
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Blood Bank - Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn(HDFN) - Exam 3 - Dr. Kolajki
On the basis of
HDFN occurs when mother develops an IgG capable of crossing the placental barrier
specific to a paternal antigen present on RBCs, there is coating of IgG alloantibody on
fetal red cells which undergo accelerated destruction both before and after birth
What is HDFN capable of resulting in?
intrauterine death abnormalities of the fetus
Define HDFN.
A disorder wherein the life span of the fetal/neonatal red cells is shortened due to
maternal alloantibodies against red cell antigens from the father
Describe a fetomaternal bleed.
fetal RBCs enter the moms circulation, trauma to moms abdomen during birth, maternal
antibodies are formed against foreign fetal red cells antigens
What are the symptoms of HDFN before birth?
fetal death, heart failure, anemia
What are the symptoms of HDFN after birth?
heart failure, build up of bilirubin, kernicterus, severe growth retardation, anemia
What are the most severe but least common culprits of HDFN?
, Rh system antibodies
What are the most common and least severe culprits of HDFN?
ABO antibodies
What other antibodies cause HDFN?
Kell, Kidd, Duffy
What causes anemia associated with HDFN?
fetal RBC destruction by maternal IgG antibodies, decreased fetal RBC in circulation
will lead to severe anemia
Why is HDFN sometimes called Erythroblastosis Fetalis?
stimulation of erythropoiesis occurs, fetal bone marrow releases erythroblasts into
circulation
What does decreased albumin lead to in HDFN?
generalized edema
What role does the liver and spleen play in HDFN?
helps bone marrow due to increased hemolysis resulting in enlarged liver and spleen
What does impaired liver function lead to in HDFN?
less production of proteins
What does severe anemia lead to in HDFN?
cardiovascular failure and tissue hypoxia which may lead to to fetal death
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