LCAS Master Addiction Counselor
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What is the most common general psychiatric screen tool - ANSWER Folstein
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) - evaluates 7 cognitive domains with a ...
What is the most common general psychiatric screen tool - ANSWER ✔ Folstein
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) - evaluates 7 cognitive domains with a
score range of 0-30 points and a dementia/impairment cutoff at about 24 points.
The most dangerous way to take a drug - ANSWER ✔ via injection. Generally,
ingestion (eating) is the safest route.
5 P's of routine sexual assessment - ANSWER ✔ Partners (#, genders, patterns,
needle-sharing risks); practices (vaginal, anal, oral and w/ or w/o condoms; past
STIs (kinds contracted, tx obtained & continuing); pregnancy (hx and plans);
protection from STIs (methods, competency and familiarity in use).
What can be used to evaluate change readiness? - ANSWER ✔ SOCRATES -
Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale
What is the key psychodynamic feature recurring in clients with SUDs? -
ANSWER ✔ Denial
SAMI - ANSWER ✔ Substance Abuse and Mental Illness
Special needs populations in Drug Addiction Treatment - ANSWER ✔ criminal
substance abusers; dual diagnosed; women; adolescents
, Denzin's 4 relapse phases - ANSWER ✔ 1) lax or permissive thinking about
recovery commitments; 2) actual ingestion of a mood-altering substance; 3) the
experience of intoxication; and 4) seeking help again.
Categories of prevention cited by public health service - ANSWER ✔ Primary,
secondary and tertiary: primary addresses nonuser education; secondary targets the
initiates or drug users; and tertiary involves relapse prevention among drug users.
Tension-reduction model - ANSWER ✔ views substance use disorder as a method
of reducing environmentally conditioned anxiety.
attribution of responsibility - ANSWER ✔ 4 models that vary in determining who
is held responsible for creating & solving problems. 1) the Moral Model, the
individual creates and must solve all personal problems; 2) the Medical Model,
individuals are held blameless for their problems and are not responsible for
finding solutions; 3) Enlightenment Model, individuals create their own problems
but should not be held responsible for resolving them; 4) Compensatory Model,
individuals are not seen as responsible for personal problem creation, but must be
held responsible for solving them.
Action Counseling Model - ANSWER ✔ 3 stages to effectively structure the
counseling process. 1) establishing rapport, information gathering and problem
assessment. 2) client determination of changes desired, goal setting and
establishing commitment (requires overcoming insight and judgment limits). 3)
specific action steps, interventions and strategies to achieve change.
Acronym to identify key attending behaviors - ANSWER ✔ SOLER - squarely
facing the client; open posture; leaning slightly forward; good eye contact (unless
culture limits this); relaxed posture
Choreoathetosis - ANSWER ✔ combination of chorea and athetoid movements
Cortex (cerebral) - ANSWER ✔ Outermost later of the brain responsible for
higher functions such as movement, memory, thought and reasoning
Counter-adaptation - ANSWER ✔ Prolonged use reduces effect (tolerance)
, Creatinine - ANSWER ✔ Metabolic byproduct in the urine indicative of Kidney
function and health.
Diaphoresis - ANSWER ✔ profuse sweating, even when cold to the touch, often
indicative of physiological or emotional stress
Dysphagia - ANSWER ✔ difficulty swallowing
Dyskinesia - ANSWER ✔ Impaired or failing muscle control evidenced by
grimacing, twitching
Dystonia - ANSWER ✔ Involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive or
twisting body movements, awkward postures
ECG - ANSWER ✔ electrocardiogram
ECT - ANSWER ✔ electroconvulsive therapy
EEG - ANSWER ✔ electroencephalogram
Edema - ANSWER ✔ puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid
Emesis - ANSWER ✔ vomiting
Endogenous depression - ANSWER ✔ depression that appears to be produced
from within (perhaps by hormone imbalances, chemical imbalances in the brain),
opposed to a reaction to life events
Exogenous depression - ANSWER ✔ depression caused by external events or
psychosocial stressors
Extrapyramidal - ANSWER ✔ Associated with neural pathways outside or
independent of the pyramid tracts
Extrapyramidal syndrome - ANSWER ✔ group of adverse reactions (due to
improper dosing of neuroleptic/antipsychotic medications) involving the
extrapyramidal portion of the nervous system causing abnormal muscle
, movements, especially akathisia and dystonia- also slurred speech, anxiety,
paranoia
GABA - ANSWER ✔ gamma-aminobutyric acid; a major neurotransmitter that
serves to slow nerve activity in the brain.
Gonadotrophs - ANSWER ✔ Cells in the anterior pituitary gland that secrete
gonadotrophins - luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH) that stimulates gonads (male testes, female ovaries) - essential for
reproduction, affected by drugs of abuse such as cocaine
Gynecomastia - ANSWER ✔ Make breast enlargement from testosterone and
estrogen hormone imbalance
Potential causes of Gynecomastia - ANSWER ✔ Anabolic steroids, anxiolytic
(anti-anxiety) meds, tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol, amphetamines, marijuana
and some opiates (heroine, methadone)
Hyperkinesia - ANSWER ✔ abnormally increased muscle function or activity
Hypertension - ANSWER ✔ High blood pressure
Hyperuria - ANSWER ✔ Frequent urination
hypotension - ANSWER ✔ low blood pressure
Incentive sensitization - ANSWER ✔ A theory of addiction in which repeated
exposures to an addictive substance cause the substance, and any associated cues,
to become associated with pathologically high levels of incentive or "wanting".
The high level of incentive can persist for long periods of time and can override the
incentive value of natural rewards necessary for survival.
Interference therapy - ANSWER ✔ Treatment that reduces an abused drug
capacity to produce intensely pleasurable effects
Jaundice - ANSWER ✔ yellowish (icterus) skin and the whites of the eyes caused
by excessive bile in the blood- often suggestive of poor hepatic (liver) function
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