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pediatric hesi Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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pediatric hesi Exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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pediatric hesiNorms for growth and development - ANS Birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by yr
Peek a boo by 6 month
Sits upright without support by 8
pincher grip by 10-12
Hesi hint - ANS Mobiles: infant
Puppets: toddler/preschool
Cars: preschool
Games: school age
Themselves: adolescent
Toddlers - ANS 2-3 word sentences at 2
Ritualistic
Preschool - ANS Favorite word is why
Sentences of 5-8
School age - ANS Each yr gains 4-6 lbs grows 2 inches
Socialization with peers very important
Immunization - ANS Cold doesn't stop it unless > 99
Use acetaminophen orally
Cystic fibrosis - ANS Autosomal recessive
Absence of pancreatic enzymes
Greasy stool
Chronic pulmonary infections
High sweat test
Pancreatic enzymes with meals
Digoxin therapy in kids - ANS Hold infants <100, kids <80
Don't skip or make up dose
Give 1-2 hrs before meals
S/s over dose: vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, drowsiness
Vent septal defect - ANS Abnormal opening between ventricles
Acyanotic
Atrial septal defect - ANS Opening in atria
Acyanotic
,Patent ductus arterious - ANS Hole between aorta and pulmonary artery
Acyanototic
So are coarctation of aorta and aortic stenosis
Cyanotic heart defects - ANS Tetralogy of fallot: 4 defects
Transposition of the great vessels: everything is criss crossed
Truncus arterious : single great vessel instead of 2
Rheumatic fever - ANS Most common cause of acquired heart disease
Affects connective tissue, sore throat than fever
Lots of rest, home school
Resp distress infants - ANS Increase rr
axillAry muscles for breathing
Restlessness
Nasal flaring
Tripod
Grunting
Cyanotic
Resp failure infants - ANS Brady
Deceased rr
Apneic
Deceased loc
Grunting
Deceased breath sounds
When does birth length double? - ANS By 4 years
When does the child sit unsupported? - ANS 8 months
When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? - ANS 2 years
When does a child throw a ball overhand? - ANS 18 months
When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? - ANS 2 Yeears
Age groups concepts of bodily injury - ANS Infants: After 6 months, their cognitive development
allows them to remember pain.
Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures.
Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation.
School age: Fear loss of control of their body.
Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image.
,Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the parents? - ANS
Irritability, fever (<102 degrees F), redness and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal
side effects of DPT and IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or
high -pitched crying occur.A warm washcloth on the thigh injection site and "bicycling" the legs
w/each diaper change will decrease soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally
every 4-6 hours (10-15 mg/Kg)
Hgb norms - ANS Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl
Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl
Child: 11 to 16 g/dl
Autosomal recessive - ANS Both parents must be heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive
trait, for the disease to be expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4
chance of the infant having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get the
disease - NOT 25% of them.
A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following
instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child?
a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates
b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled
c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C)
d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house - ANS Answer B
fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause infections in
immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should either be peeled or cooked. The
physician should be notified of a temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated,
and humidifiers harbor fungi in the water containers.
A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycleriding. Which of the
following is the first nursing action?
a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate
b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion
c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes
d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee - ANS Answer D
rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to reduce the swelling
and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions for bleeding into the joint of a client
with hemophilia
A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks the nurse about
chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which of the following is appropriate
response by the nurse?
a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease
b) only the male children will be affected
, c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected
d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease - ANS Answer C
In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25% chance with each
pregnancy that a child will have the disease.
An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia. Which ofthe following
activities is most appropriate for the child to decrease oxygen demands on the body?
a)Dancing
b) playing video games
c) reading a book
d) riding a bicycle - ANS Answer C
reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming bored. Choices a, b, and
d require too much energy for a child with anemia and can increase oxygen demands on the
body.
A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very irritable,refuses to eat, and
exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet. Which of the following would the nurse interpret as
the priority?
a)applying lotions to the hands and feet
b) offering foods the toddler likes
c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment
d) encouraging the parents to get some rest - ANS Answer C
One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often inconsolable.Placing
the child in a quiet environment may help quiet the child and reduce the workload of the heart.
The child's irritability takes priority over peeling of the skin.
A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of
the following?
a.Hirschsprung disease
b. Celiac disease
c. Intussusception
d. Abdominal wall defect - ANS Answer A
Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an indication of
Hirschsprung disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in mechanical obstruction due to
inadequate motility in an intestinal segment. Failure to pass meconium is not associated with
celiac disease, intussusception, or abdominal wall defect.
Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with Hirschsprung
disease has a fever and watery explosive diarrhea?
a. Notify the physician immediately
b. Administer antidiarrheal medications
c. Monitor child ever 30 minutes
d. Nothing, this is characteristic of Hirschsprung disease - ANS Answer A
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