Exam (elaborations)
OBESITY & WEIGHT MANAGEMENT FINAL EXAM
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OBESITY & WEIGHT MANAGEMENT FINAL EXAM
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OBESITY & WEIGHT MANAGEMENT FINAL EXAMINTRO TO TREATMENT GUIDELINES
What are the summary guidelines from the NHLBI regarding appropriate energy deficit
for women & men, appropriate caloric restriction to achieve weight loss? - Answers--
women: *1,200 - 1,500* kcal/day
- men: *1,500 -1,800* kcal/day
- energy deficit of 500-750 kcal/day or 30%
What are the differential effects of lower fat/higher carbohydrate diets? - Answers--
greater reduction in LDL
- lesser reduction in serum triglycerides
- lesser increases in HDL
What are the 3 NHLBI behavior therapy recommendations for a comprehensive-lifestyle
intervention? - Answers-1. a moderately-reduced calorie diet
2. a program of increased physical activity
3. the use of behavioral strategies to facilitate adherence to diet and activity
recommendations
Is there a method of delivery of a comprehensive weight loss intervention that includes
personalized feedback from a trained interventionist that works better than any other? -
Answers-no, it is relatively equal (~ 5-8kg weight loss) regardless of the method of
delivery
What type of risk assessment, screening tests and interventions does the USPSTF
recommend for children and adolescents 6 years of age and older? - Answers-Risk
assessment: parental obesity, poor nutrition, low physical activity, inadequate sleep,
sedentary behavior, and low family income
Screening tests: BMI, age specific and sex specific for 95th percentile or greater
Interventions: comprehensive and intensive behavioral interventions
What were the most effective interventions reported by the USPSTF? - Answers-
comprehensive & high intensity
- *intensive*: 12-26 session in a year
- *multicomponent*: group, individual, mixed, technology-based, print-based
- *behavioral*: improving nutrition, physical activity, self-monitoring, goal-setting,
problem-solving
, What are the 4 main goals recommended by the IOM? - Answers-1. promote
consumption of nutritious foods & encourage breast feeding during infancy
2. help adults increase PA & decrease sedentary behavior in young children
3. help adults increase children's healthy eating
4. Create a healthful eating environment that is responsive to children's hunger and
fullness cues.
OBESITY & BEHAVIOR THERAPY - Answers-OBESITY & BEHAVIOR THERAPY
What is self-efficacy? - Answers-An individual's confidence that they can engage in and
sustain a healthy behavior even in the face of dynamic / challenging environmental
factors
How do you assess a client's self-efficacy? - Answers-- Have they ever had successful
or unsuccessful attempts at weight management? What factors were involved in
previous attempts?
- How do family, friends, and co-workers influence their choices? Motivation?
- Do they have readily available resources for weight management therapy? (time &
cost)
What perceptions influence motivation? How do these perceptions influence self-
efficacy? - Answers-*internal locus of control*: perception that personal outcomes are
determined by personal actions
- reflects autonomy and competence
- people with this are: more resilient, display better self-control, tend to have higher self-
efficacy, are more intrinsically motivated
*external locus of control*: a person's perception that personal outcomes are
determined by other people's actions, external circumstances, or chance
- reflects relatedness
- opposite of internal
intristic motivation - Answers-*motivation that comes from personal factors*:
- the enjoyment of the healthy behavior itself
- the healthy behavior, or its outcome, is connected to personal beliefs & core values not
necessarily influenced by environmental factors or external rewards
extrinsic motivation - Answers-*motivation that comes from environmental factors*:
- the healthy behavior itself is not perceived as enjoyable
- the healthy behavior, or its outcome, is seen as connected to social acceptance and/or
environmental expectations
- more influenced by environmental factors or external rewards
Which type of motivation do overweight or obese people tend to better identify with?
Why? - Answers-
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