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2024 NAPLEX CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NAPLEX CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NAPLEX CARDIOVASCULARCONDITIONS PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
All of the following are antiplatelet agents that can be used in the treatment
of an acute coronary syndrome EXCEPT:
A. Clopidogrel
B. Dalteparin
C. Eptifibatide
D. Ticagrelor
E. Aspirin - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. Dalteparin
Which of the following medications can be used for cardiac stress testing?
A. Dobutamine
B. Clopidogrel
C. NitroMist
D. Dopamine
E. Bufferin - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Dobutamine
In most patients, cardiac stress testing is performed on a treadmill or
stationary bicycle (also called exercise stress testing). Pharmacological
stimulation with dipyridamole, adenosine, regadenoson or dobutamine can
be used. If needed, coronary angiography can be performed to determine
the true extent of atherosclerosis.
JB has a past medical history significant for systolic heart failure and
hypertension. He is being seen in the clinic for routine follow-up. He is on
quinapril 20 mg BID, Toprol XL 200 mg daily, furosemide 20 mg twice daily
and spironolactone 25 mg daily. His blood pressure has been averaging
154/94 mmH and his heart rate is averaging 65 BPM.
Which medication can be safely added to provide better control of his blood
pressure?
A. Amlodipine
,B. Diltiazem
C. Losartan
D. Eplerenone
E. Carvedilol - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Amlodipine
Amlodipine (a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker) has been shown to
have a neutral effect on outcomes in patients with systolic heart failure.
Diltiazem is associated with worse outcomes in systolic heart failure.
Losartan cannot be added since triple combination therapy of an ACE
inhibitor, aldosterone receptor antagonist and an ARB is not recommended
due to an increased risk of hyperkalemia. The other drugs would be
duplications of therapy.
JS suffers from constipation. She spends a good deal of money buying over-
the-counter MiraLax and occasionally needs to use a glycerin suppository.
She asks the pharmacist for help. The pharmacist looks at her medications
and finds that she takes ramipril, lovastatin, cholestyramine, hydralazine,
verapamil and sertraline. Which medication could be contributing to JS's
chronic constipation?
A. Hydralazine
B. Sertraline
C. Ramipril
D. Lovastatin
E. Verapamil - CORRECT-ANSWERSE. Verapamil
Verapamil is constipating. Cholestyramine (indicated for diabetes and
dyslipidemia) is also constipating.
AJ is a 34-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and
heart failure. He was recently initiated on metoprolol succinate. What
important counseling point should AJ receive about metoprolol?
A. It can enhance the effects of metformin.
B. It can mask the symptoms of hyperglycemia.
C. It can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
D. It is contraindicated with a history of heart failure.
E. It is contraindicated with a history of diabetes. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC. It
can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
The physiologic response to hypoglycemia is mediated by
sympathetic/adrenergic stimulation. Therefore, beta-blockers can mask
many signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Sweating and hunger are the
two symptoms of hypoglycemia that are not masked.
,Which of the following statements regarding hypertensive urgency are
correct?
A. The definition is blood pressure greater than 160/110 mmHg.
B. It requires hospitalization for treatment with intravenous medication.
C. Two antihypertensive medications should be started simultaneously.
D. It is extremely high blood pressure in the absence of acute end-organ
dysfunction.
E. Acute, progressive end-organ dysfunction is present due to severely
elevated blood
pressure. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. It is extremely high blood pressure in the
absence of acute end-organ dysfunction.
Hypertensive urgencies are clinical events with marked elevations in BP but
without acute end-organ damage (although chronic organ damage may be
present). Management consists of oral agents.
Which of the following antihypertensives should not be taken with grapefruit
or grapefruit juice?
A. Lopressor
B. Accupril
C. Avapro
D. Dyazide
E. Procardia XL - CORRECT-ANSWERSE. Procardia XL
All calcium channel blockers are substrates of CYP3A4. Counsel patients to
avoid grapefruit (the juice and the fruit), or try an alternative drug that does
not interact. Separating the time a person drinks or eats grapefruit from the
drug will not work.
A 32-year-old female patient has gone to see her primary care physician. The
doctor is looking at her blood work, which includes the following parameters:
total cholesterol 202 mg/dL, HDL 52 mg/dL, LDL 130 mg/dL, TG 96 mg/dL,
BUN 18 mg/dL, SCr 0.8 mg/dL, and hCG+. Her blood pressure is 168/102
mmH. Which of the following medications can be safelv administered?
A. Labetalol
B. Lipitor
C. Accupril
D. Losartan
E. Aliskiren - CORRECT-ANSWERSA. Labetalol
The patient is pregnant (hCG+). She cannot use ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-
receptor blockers or direct renin inhibitors. These medications, if used,
should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy is detected. Labetalol is a safe
, choice in pregnancy. Most pregnant patients should stop statins, but
individuals at very high risk for cardiovascular events (e.g., stroke,
myocardial infarction) should discuss statin benefits and risks with a
healthcare provider.
The pharmacist receives a new prescription for isosorbide mononitrate IR
BID. When should the patient take the medication?
A. Take both doses at 8 PM.
B. Take both doses at 8 AM.
C. Take at 9 AM and 1 PM.
D. Take at 8 AM and 3 PM.
E. Take at 9 AM and 9 PM. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Take at 8 AM and 3 PM.
Proper BID dosing for isosorbide mononitrate I is 8 am and 3 pm - not Q12H.
The doses should be taken at least 7 hrs apart with an adequate nitrate-free
interval.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding nitroglycerin
ointment?
A. Use the dose measuring applicator to measure and apply the medication.
B. This medication should be applied from the tube directly to the skin.
C. A generic name for this product is isosorbide dinitrate ER.
D. This medication should be applied every 4 hours around the clock.
E. This medication should not be used with beta-blockers. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA. Use the dose measuring applicator to measure and apply the
medication.
Nitroglycerin ointment should be measured using the dose measuring
applicator supplied with the tube. The medication is spread on the skin using
the applicator. It can stain clothing.
JG is a white male patient who presents with high blood pressure on several
visits. Which classes of medications are appropriate as initial therapy for JG?
(Select ALL that apply.)
A. Potassium-sparing diuretics
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Angiotensin receptor blockers
D. Calcium channel blockers
E. Thiazide-type diuretics - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. ACE inhibitors
C. Angiotensin receptor blockers
D. Calcium channel blockers
E. Thiazide-type diuretics
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