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MO 300 Final Exam Reviewed questions & answers
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MO 300 Final Exam Reviewed questions& answers.
complex systems ANS - - the opposite of simple systems
- two componenets: Complex Interactions and Tight Coupling
- many steps, many connections, intricate processes
(ex. Everest expedition, any multinational corp)
Complex Interactions ANS - different elements of the complex system interact in ways that are
unexpected and difficult to comprehend
Tight Coupling ANS - fairly rigid sequence of time-dependent activities, such that one problem could
trigger others
Buffering against Complex System problems ANS - - psychological safety to defeat groupthink/biases
- all about reducing overconfidence/escalation of commitment
Everest Case reduced psych safety ANS - - status difference between members and leaders, between
individual members and another
- lack of leader coaching and support
- lack of familiarity/prior interaction
Groupthink ANS - - "pluralistic ignorance"
- norm for consensus overrides realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action
Groupthink symptoms ANS - - overestimation of the group
- self-censorship
- escalation of commitment
,- genuine belief in the Leadership Congruence Model
Overestimation of the Group ANS - - illusion of invulnerability
- collective rationalization
Self-censorship ANS - - pressure towards uniformity
- illusion of unanimity
Illusion of Invulnerability ANS - creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks
Collective rationalization ANS - members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions
Illusion of unanimity ANS - majority view and judgments are assumed to be unanimous
Pressure towards uniformity ANS - members are under pressure not to express arguments against any
of the group's consensus views
Escalation of Commitment ANS - - patterns of interaction early on determine actions throughout the
life of the group
- groups continue to conform to their earliest decisions despite exposure to alternatives
(ex. Everest group continuing past turnaround time)
Solving Groupthink ANS - - psychological safety is necessary, but not sufficient alone
- members must feel genuinely empowered
5 key dimensions of Empowerment ANS - 1) self-efficacy
2) trust
3) meaning
4) self-determination
, 5) personal consequence
2 approaches to increasing empowerment ANS - 1) Mechanistic
2) Organic
both must work together to create empowerment
Mechanistic approach to increasing empowerment ANS - - Job design (the Job Characteristics Model)
- sufficient security and support
- guidance and control
Organic approach to increasing empowerment ANS - - culture of openness/trust
- strong shared vision and sense of purpose
Empowering yourself ANS - - be a contribution instead of a top performer
- or quit Ross
- either or really idk
Networks ANS - - visual representations of relationships
- combination of nodes/edges
- nearly anything can be represented as a network (disease spreads, Kevin Bacon, hookups, etc.)
Nodes ANS - anything you want analyzed (i.e. people, companies)
Edges ANS - relationships (links between nodes)
ego network ANS - who someone knows (sample)
complete network ANS - all relationships in a group (population)
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