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2024 ONCOLOGY NCLEX EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 ONCOLOGY NCLEX EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 ONCOLOGY NCLEX EXAMQUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Which of the following items would be most beneficial when providing oral
care to a patient with metastatic cancer who is at risk for oral tissue injury
secondary to chemotherapy?
A. Firm-bristle toothbrush
B. Hydrogen peroxide rinse
C. Alcohol-based mouthwash
D. 1 tsp salt in 1 L water mouth rinse - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. A salt-water
mouth rinse will not cause further irritation to oral tissue that is fragile
because of mucositis, which is a side effect of chemotherapy.
Which of the following nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for a patient
experiencing myelosuppression secondary to chemotherapy for cancer
treatment?
A. Acute pain
B. Hypothermia
C. Powerlessness
D. Risk for infection - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Myelosuppression is
accompanied by a high risk of infection and sepsis. Hypothermia,
powerlessness, and acute pain are also possible nursing diagnoses for
patients undergoing chemotherapy, but the threat of infection is paramount.
Previous administrations of chemotherapy agents to a cancer patient have
resulted in diarrhea. Which of the following dietary modifications should the
nurse recommend?
A. A bland, low-fiber diet
B. A high-protein, high-calorie diet
C. A diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables
D. A diet emphasizing whole and organic foods - CORRECT-ANSWERSA.
Patients experiencing diarrhea secondary to chemotherapy and/or radiation
therapy often benefit from a diet low in seasonings and roughage. Fresh
fruits and vegetables are high in fiber and should be minimized during
treatment. Whole and organic foods do not prevent diarrhea.
When teaching women about the risk of breast cancer, which risk factor does
the nurse know is the most common for the development of the disease?
, A. Having an aunt with breast cancer
B. Being an older adult
C. Being a Euro-American
D. Consuming a low-fat diet - CORRECT-ANSWERSB. There is no single-known
cause for breast cancer. Being an older woman or man is the primary risk
factor, although some people are at higher risk than others. Having a first-
degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) with breast cancer can increase
the risk; an aunt is not considered a first-degree relative. Although Euro-
American women older than 40 years are at a more increased risk than other
racial/ethnic groups, the greater risk is being an older adult. Consuming a
high-fat diet is considered a risk factor.
A client had a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) yesterday. The
staff nurse notes that the hemoglobin is 8.2 g/dL. What is the nurse's best
action?
A. Notify the charge nurse as soon as possible.
B. Irrigate the catheter with 30 mL normal saline.
C. Document the assessment in the medical record.
D. Prepare for a blood transfusion. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD. Blood
transfusions are commonly given after a TURP surgery; a blood transfusion is
warranted for a hemoglobin reading of 8.2 g/dL. The nurse is capable of
managing this situation with the physician, especially since blood
transfusions after a TURP are common. Irrigating the catheter is necessary
only if the color of the drainage indicates bleeding or there is a presence of
clots. Documentation should be done, but it is not the first priority.
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia who has a suspected infection.
Which intervention does the nurse implement first?
A. Hydrates the client with 1000 mL of IV normal saline
B. Initiates the administration of prescribed antibiotics
C. Obtains requested cultures
D. Places the client on Bleeding Precautions - CORRECT-ANSWERSC.
Obtaining cultures to identify the infectious agent correctly is the priority for
this client.
The nurse suspects that which client has the highest risk for breast cancer?
A. Older adult woman with high breast density
B. Nullipara older adult woman
C. Obese older adult male with gynecomastia
D. Middle-aged woman with high breast density - CORRECT-ANSWERSA.
People at high increased risk for breast cancer include women aged 65 years
and older with high breast density.
The nurse is discussing treatment options with the client newly diagnosed
with breast cancer. Which statement by the client indicates a need for
further teaching?
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