NUR2407 Exam 1 Rasmussen
Summer 2024 Exam A+ Graded
Pharmacokinetics - -WHat the body does to the drug; absorption,
distribution, metabolism, excretion
-Pharmacodynamics - -the effect the drug has on the body
-Labs used to determine renal function - -BUN, creatinine, GFR
-Labs used to determine hepatic function - -ALT and AST
-First-Pass effect - -the phenomenon where the concentration of a drug is
greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation due to liver
absorption
-Half-Life - -the time required for the quantity of an item to reach half of its
initial value
-Tolerance - -decreased responsiveness to a drug over the course of
therapy
-Blood-Brain barrier - -highly selective semi-permiable membrance that
seperates circulating blood from the brain's extra-cellular fluid
-How many schedules of controlled substances are there? - -5
-Schedule 1 - -high potential for abuse, no medically acceptable uses
-Schedule 2 - -high potential for abuse but has medically accepted uses:
opioids, stimulants
-Schedule 3 - -medically acceptable, potential for abuse is less than
schedule 1 or 2, may cause some dependance
-Schedule 4 - -medically acceptable, may cause dependance:
phenobarbital, benzodiazepines
-Which schedule cannot be refilled - -schedule 2
-Chemical name - -the drug's chemical structure
-Generic name - -non proprietary name for a drug
, -Brand Name - -the trademarked proprietary name of a drug
-Pregnancy Category A - -low risk, no known risk to women or fetus
-Pregnancy Category B - -Animal studies show no risk, no human trial
performed
-Pregnancy Category C - -Animal studies show risk to fetus, no human trial
performed
-Pregnancy Category D - -Harm to fetus is known
-Pregnancy Category X - -known to be harmful to mother and fetus,
contraindicated
-Additive drug effect - -1+1=2 the sum of the effects of the two drugs
-Synergistic drug effect - -1+1=3, sum is greater than individual drug
effects parts
-Antagonistic drug effect - -1+1=1, two or more drugs in combination
hamper or eliminate the effect of the other
-Requirements for herbal supplements - -1994 DSHEA act: herbal
supplements can be marketed with a suggested dosage; premarket testing
for safety is not reuired; effects can be listed but no claim to treat or cure
can be made
-Aloe Vera - -minor skin irritation, powerful laxitive
-Chamomile - -digestive and GI soothing, may cause bronchoconstriction
-Ginkgo - -dementia and ED; dose 120-240/day in 3 doses, can cause
headache and GI disturbances
-Licorice - -ulcers, GI upset, increased BP, headache, water retention, 5-15
mg/dose
-St. John's Wort - -for mild depression, 300 mg tid, do not take concurrently
with prescription antidepressant
-5 Rights of Medication Administration - -Dose, drug, patient, route, time
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