Exam (elaborations)
New York State EMT-B WRITTEN REVIEW 2024,2025
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New York State EMT-B WRITTEN REVIEW 2024,2025
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New York State EMT-B WRITTEN REVIEW2024,2025
A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure - ANSWER-
a-exists when the heart's left ventricle is refilling
(OR heart
**An EMS provider is treating a patient who has a head injury resulting from a blow by a
baseball bat. What other problem are likely to be present?
- Hypothermia
- Hypertensive shock due to blood loss
- Spinal injuries
- Lung collapse - ANSWER-Spinal injuries
**During single-rescuer CPR, which of the following ventilation devices would be MOST
effective for ventilating a patient
- NRB
- Pocket mask w/ oxygen
- Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD)
- BVM w/o oxygen - ANSWER-BVM w/o oxygen
**During the Prim. Assessment, you are assessing a conscious trauma patient
complaining loudly of pain in the leg, you should:
- begin to obtain the history
- assess the leg immediately
- discontinue the Primary Assessment and start the Detailed Physical Examination
- continue with your Primary Assessment - ANSWER-Continue with Primary
Assessment
**For a trauma victim w/ a respiratory rate of 40/min, shallow and irregular, who is pale
and has a history of emphysema, the MOST APPROPRIATE treatment would be to:
a. use of a bvm w/ supp oxygen
b. administer low-conc oxygen b/c of emphysema history
c. administer supp oxygen w/ a high-conc mask
d. transport the patient sitting up to ease the patient's dyspnea - ANSWER-Use of a
BVM w/ supp. oxygen
**The oropharyngeal airway will help keep the tongue away from the - ANSWER-
epiglottis
**The purpose of the first set of vital signs is to: - ANSWER-establish a baseline for
additional evaluations
**While assessing the MOI of a motor vehicle crash, an EMS provider finds that the
airbag has been deployed: The EMS provider should:
,a. decontaminate the patient
b. remove the airbag
c. disconnect the battery
d. lift the airbag and check underneath for damage - ANSWER-d. lift the airbag and
check underneath for damage
**While performing ventilations on an infant or child in respiratory arrest, you should
ventilate every - ANSWER-3-5 seconds
**You are treating a male patient who has a penetrating chest wound and frothy bright-
red blood at the mouth. About 10 minutes after sealing the chest wall, you notice the
patient's breathing becoems much worse. At this point you should,
a) immediately place the patient on the uninjured side
b) life one corner of the dressing
c) administer positive-pressure ventilation immediately
d) administer pure oxygen to aid respiration - ANSWER-administer positive pressure
ventilation immediately
*33. If life threatening conditions are identified during the focused history and physical
exam, the EMT should immediately:
a. repeat the Primary Assessment
b. take vital signs
c. begin transportation efforts
d. prvide life-saving interventons - ANSWER-provide life-saving interventions
*Compressing a pressure point on an extremity will aid in controlling bleeding -
ANSWER-proximal to the point used
*If the EMS provider is unable to find a patient's peripheral pulse during a Primary
Assessment, next step should be to:
a. turn on the AED
b. palpate the carotid pulse
c. open the airway and insert an OPA
d. check breathing and begin CPR - ANSWER-b. palpate the carotid pulse
*In performing an ongoing assessment on a 10-yr old pedestrian struck by a MV, the
EMS provider's first step is to,
a) recheck vital signs
b) repeat the prim assessment
c) check the intervnetions
d) repeat a rapid assessment - ANSWER-recheck the patient's vital signs
*Infants are obligate nose breathers until approx. 6 months of age, which means that
they
a) should never be given 02 by a nasal cannula
b) should never be placed on their stomachs fro breathing
, c) may suffer respiratory distress if their noses become obstructed
d) are at a high risk for dying of SIDS - ANSWER-may suffer respiratoyr distress if their
noses become obstructed
*Treatment for excessive vaginal bleeding following delivery is to
a) massage the mother's utuerus
b) apply direct pressure to the vagina
c) hold the mother's legs together in order to stop the bleeding
d) pack the vagina with gauze pads - ANSWER-massage the mother's uterus
*When spinal injuries are suspected, the EMS provider should FIRST
a hyperextend the neck to secure the airway
b determine the extent of the paralysis
c apply an extrication collar
d apply manual stabilization and secure the airway - ANSWER-apply manual
stabilization and secure the airway
*Which one of the following instructions applies to the performance of mask-to-stoma
ventilation on a person who has had a COMPLETE laryngectomy?
a. the nose and mouht must be manually sealed off
b. perform Head tilt neck lift maneuever to open the airway
c. the nose must be sealed off
d. neither the nose nor mouth must be sealed off - ANSWER-nose and moith must be
manually sealed off
*You are treating a patient who is complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. You
should have the patient lie:
a) flat and take slow deep breaths
b) in whatever position feels most comfortable
c) on his/her back w/ head elevated and take fast shallow breaths
d) in a coma position - ANSWER-in whatever position feels most comfortable
- obstructed airway- sitting up
40-yr old female has difficulty breathing. You determine she has an open airway nad an
altered mental status. Her respirations are 8 and shallow. The MOST important step for
the EMS provider to take is to
a) ask family members of the patients if there's a history of COPD
b) assist patient's respiratory efforts w/ high conc oxygen using a BVM
c) watch patient carefully and obtain vital signs
d) assess the use of accessory muscles whiel breathing - ANSWER-b- assist the
patients...........
45. A 62-yr old male is complaining of breathing difficulty and left arm pain radiating to
the right jaw. Vital signs BP 90/60, P= 120, R=24. The patient should be administed: -
ANSWER-high-conc oxygen and should be placed in a position of comfort for ease of
breathing
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