MIT 2500 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
MIT 2500
Institution
MIT 2500
MIT 2500 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Explain the difference, in the early 20th century, between early radio amateurs' view of radio
signals' omni directionality and the view of established corporations and navies - CORRECT
ANSWER- - omnidirectionality refers to wh...
MIT 2500 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Explain the difference, in the early 20th century, between early radio amateurs' view of radio
signals' omni directionality and the view of established corporations and navies - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- - omnidirectionality refers to when radio waves go in all directions, which
results in everyone hearing them
- radio amateurs preferred this since it's what allowed them to partake in their hobby of
listening and engaging, staying in the know
- established corporations and navies put in the effort to make them go in one direction and to
be a private communication between intended established parties
- if teenage radio boys could hear them, so could enemies (want private airwaves and closed
airwaves for order)
- difference in whom each party believed was privy to listening in on radio airwaves and who
should have control
Susan Douglas discusses at length a 1907 front page story in the New York Times about a
young radio hobbyist called Walter Willenborg. Explain at least one reason Douglas' thinks
the article that illustrates the role of changing cultural ideals of masculinity - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔- - described it as the gradual redefinition of what it means to be a man,
particularly a white, middle-class man in America
- building radios became a fad, a habit that offered identity
- reason is that boys at time faced tensions between masculinity as primitive/physical strength
and masculinity as 'genteel' and internal mastery
- those lacking traditional primitivism could reclaim strength through control of technology
- radio seen as adventurous and experimental, re-associated a kind of intellectual masculinity
- earn money, get attention, gain technical skills, etc
Explain why the Tom Swift novels helped promote the activities of radio amateurs. -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - set of young adult novels, general plot line of Tom Swift on
adventures, trouble arises, then he saves the day with fancy gadgets
- technology and radio amateur as a wholesome enterprise for young men
- created mythologies about what technology could be and shaped how we used it
- novels on the boy 'inventor-hero' provided information about wireless, encouraging boys to
get involved through ease of access to information
, Explain at least two reasons why corporations imagined different purposes for radio in 1912
than radio amateurs. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - practical uses by established institutions
vs new uses by marginal groups
- corporations imagined radio as a practical tool, point to point contact for established
purposes of business
- entrepreneurs and corporations like Marconi saw wireless as opportunity to compete with
traditional communications and cable companies
- not concerned about interests of average citizen
- business men did not care for radio as a means of individual or societal progress
What was the American Radio Relay League, and what role did it play in the development of
radio before 1920? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - A national league of membership for radio
amateurs
- Showed ability of private citizens to communicate with each other without government or
corporations
- Encouraged radio to be used as for fun and as a learning experience
- Mischievous at times, but had one of the best connected radio networks in the world (e.g.
helping flood victims)
- Created many official relay stations from coast to coast, creating national communications
network
Explain the importance of the "chaos of the airwaves" between 1920 and 1924 in the US for
the development of radio regulation. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - Everyone started piling
into the airwaves
unions, churches, universities, small businesses
- Was just causing harm to everyone
- stronger signals were drowning out competitors and maintaining space on airwaves for clear
communication for select few
- There was no priority over who had access at the same time
- Corporations were tired of drowning in the noise, went to
- Secretary of Commerce (Hoover) for regulation, led to subsequent acts
In his lecture on hackers and the origins of the personal computer, Prof. Streeter describes
how at first, the 1960s counterculture thought of computers as evil, centralizing, controlling,
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