___________ have proven efficiency in the prevention of HIV,
Chlamydia, GC and trichmonasis only, they may not prevent the
transmission of HSV and HPV or other genitial ulcer diseases
Correct Answer Condoms
___________ is a better predictor of CVD in women than BMI
Correct Answer Metabolic syndrome
___________ is an added risk factor for MI and stroke in oral
contraceptive users Correct Answer Hypertension
___________ is the 4th leading cause of death, is a major cause
of disability, is the leading cause of blindness in ages 20-40,
accounts for 50% of non-traumatic amputation, and 40% of
ESRD Correct Answer Diabetes
_____________ is when the body can compensate for insulin
resistance Correct Answer Metabolic Syndrome
(when β cells are still functioning)
____________________ are not natural hormones - they induce
a pharmacologic state, not a physiologic state. Correct Answer
Contraceptive steroids
______________________do not increase the risk of
myocardial infarction or stroke in healthy, nonsmoking women,
regardless of age. Correct Answer Low-dose oral
contraceptives (less than 50 μg ethinyl estradiol)
,______________may cause up to 11%-13% of nongonococcal
urethritis in males Correct Answer Trichomoniasis
_____________is not being able to produce enough insulin to
accommodate the insulin resistance Correct Answer Type 2
diabetes
(when β cells are dysfunctional)
____________and __________ have an synergistic effect on the
risk of arterial thrombosis that can lead to MI or stroke. Correct
Answer Smoking and estrogen
________lubricants should not be used with latex products.
Correct Answer Oil based
* What are absolute contraindications to taking a combined
BCP? Correct Answer ♦Thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic
disorders, cerebral vascular disease, coronary occlusion, or a
past history of these conditions, or conditions predisposing to
these problems
♦Diabetes with vascular involvement
♦Migraine headaches with focal neurological symptoms
♦Markedly impaired liver function
♦Hepatic adenomas or carcinomas
♦Breast cancer
♦Endometrial cancer
♦Lactation
♦Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding
♦Known or suspected pregnancy
♦Smokers over the age of 35
,♦Major surgery with prolonged immobiliztion or any surgery on
the legs.
♦Hypertension, 160+/100+ or with vascular disease
♦Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy or jaundice with prior pill
use
* What are the Mechanisms of Action for hormonal
contraceptives? Correct Answer •Thickening of the cervical
mucus
•Inhibition of ovulation
•Alters endometrial environment
•Slowing of tubal motility
* What is important to know about diaphragms? Correct
Answer •Use with a spermicide.
•Once inserted, the diaphragm provides contraceptive protection
for 6 hours.
•If a longer interval has elapsed, insert additional, fresh
spermicide (no evidence supports this practice).
•After intercourse leave in place for at least 6 hours.
•Do not wear for more than 24 hours, may increase risk for toxic
shock syndrome.
•May decrease the incidence of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and
trichomoniasis
•May decrease the risk for cervical dysplasia and cancer.
•May increase the risk for urinary tract infections
*How do you manage a partial or complete detachment of the
Ortho Evra -
, Contraceptive patch? Correct Answer Managing partial or
complete detachment is relatively simple. If the patch becomes
partially or completely detached and remains detached,
insufficient drug delivery occurs.
If the patch remains even partially detached:
For less than one day (up to 24 hours), the patient should try to
reapply it to the same place or replace it with a new patch
immediately. "Patch Change Day" will remain the same
For more than one day (24 hours or more) OR if patient is not
sure how long patch has been detached, she may not be
protected from pregnancy. She should stop current contraceptive
cycle and start new cycle immediately by putting on a new
patch. There is now a new "Day 1" and a new "Patch Change
Day." Back-up contraception must be used for the first week of
the new cycle only
*What are the known risk factors for Breast cancer? Correct
Answer •> 70% have no risk factors
•Risk increases with age
•Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 and •BRCA2 genes
•Personal or family history in a first degree relative
•Early menarche
•Delayed first childbirth
•Biopsy-confirmed atypical hyperplasia
•Recent use of postmenopausal estrogens and progestins
•BRCA1
•BRCA2
~Early age of onset (<45 yo)
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