articulation disorder - ANSWERa disorder in which child produces only a small number of misarticulations we can understand most of what the child says
substitutions - ANSWERsubstituting one sound for another
omissions - ANSWERleaving a sound or sounds out of a word
distortion - ANSWERaltering th...
articulation disorder - ANSWERa disorder in which child produces only a small number of
misarticulations we can understand most of what the child says
substitutions - ANSWERsubstituting one sound for another
omissions - ANSWERleaving a sound or sounds out of a word
distortion - ANSWERaltering the place or manner of a sound to produce a sound that does not
normally occur in the language
additions - ANSWERadding a sound or sounds that don't belong
Substitution example - ANSWERWhat kind of error is represented
saying "wake" instead of "rake" or "bwuder" instead of "brother"
omissions example - ANSWERwhat kind of error is represented?
"-ake" instead of "rake" or "boa" instead of "boat"
distortion example - ANSWERwhat kind of error is represented?
a patient with a lisp
additions example - ANSWERwhat kind of error is represented?
/B/ sound is pronounced in ball, /L/ is able to be pronounced in lemon, but patient has trouble
putting the sounds together like in the word "blue" or they may spread out the word and say "B-Lue"
(Baloo)
phonological disorders - ANSWERchild produces many speech sound errors, rendering speech
difficult to understand (unintelligible)
random, predictable - ANSWERwith phonological disorders, errors are not ________, but are
__________. They reflect patterns also called rules or processes
how they affect words - ANSWERhow are phonological processes categorized
syllable shape processes - ANSWERaffect how the syllable is produced
substitution process - ANSWERaffect how the sound is produced; involves changes in place and
manner of production
syllable shape process - ANSWERfinal consonant deletion, reduplication, consonant cluster
simplification are apart of what process
final consonant deletion - ANSWERleaving the final consonant of the end of syllable
reduplication - ANSWERrepeating a syllable or part of a syllable to produce the word
, consonant cluster simplification - ANSWERreducing the number of consonants in a string of
consonants
substituion process - ANSWERstopping, fronting, gliding of liquids are apart of what process
stopping - ANSWERproducing a stop sound instead of a fricative
fronting - ANSWERproducing a sound made in the front of the mouth instead of a sound made in the
back of the mouth
cleft lip - ANSWERa birth defect in which there is a deep groove of the lip running upward to the nose
as a result of the failure of this portion of the lip to close during prenatal development
yes any sound produced with lips or palate cannot be made, high pressure consonants (stops,
fricatives, affricates) cannot be made - ANSWERare there any articulation problems with someone
who has a cleft lip? If yes, what are they?
no they still have the ability to produce energy for sounds - ANSWERare there any respiratory
problems for someone who has a cleft lip? If yes, what are they?
no reason to believe they will have difficulty making sounds - ANSWERare there any phonation
problems for someone with a cleft lip? If yes, what are they?
yes, changing/opening the shape and size of the mouth/tongue and they will produce sounds using
their nasal cavity - ANSWERare there any resonation problems for someone with a cleft lip?
dysarthria - ANSWERweakness or incoordination of speech caused by neurological problems - errors
in speech are constant (often associated with cerebral palsy, CVA's, traumatic brain injury, brain
tumors
articulation problem from dysarthria - ANSWERimprecise, slurred, due to inability to weak,
uncoordinated articulators in a normal way
respiration and phonation problem from dysarthria - ANSWERweak, uncoordinated muscles affect
power for speech and source of sound; affects volume, ability sustain speech signal
resonation problems from dysarthria - ANSWERweak, uncoordinated muscles affect valving
mechanism; timing of voice and resonance affected
apraxia of speech in adults - ANSWERspeech programming problem associated with brain damage in
frontal lobe (damage to Broca's area)
apraxia of speech in children - ANSWERunintelligible speech; multiple errors. Often misdiagnosed as
phonological delay - errors are inconsistent and increase with word length, errors persist despite
treatment - NO EVIDENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL DAMAGE
difficulty hearing and producing voicing distinctions (bag -> back)
difficulty with vowel distinctions (beat -> bit)
difficulty with sounds that look alike on the mouth (more, poor, bore) - ANSWERwhat are the
symptoms associated with hearing loss?
traditional articulation therapy - ANSWERused with articulation disorders - modified to use with all
other speech sound disorders except phonological disorders
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