History of Rock and Roll Exam 1(100%
Correct)
crossover - ANSWERmusical works or performers that gain popularity with one audience, then
another
cover - ANSWERa new performance or recording of a song previously recorded by another artist
The Blues - ANSWERAn African-American music genre that developed in the rural American south,
showcasing economic hardships
Blues artists - ANSWERMuddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, B.B. King
Gospel music - ANSWERWorship music of predominantly African-American churches in the United
States characterized by performances by large choirs often singing in unison
Characteristics of Gospel - ANSWER1. Call and response
2. Group singing
3. Polyrhythms
4. Rhythmic musical instruments
Elvis Presley - ANSWER"The King of Rock n' Roll" who recorded at Sun Records. His path from poverty
to fame exemplifies the American Dream. Rockabilly genre.
Johnny Cash - ANSWER"The Man in Black" who famously recorded at Folsom Prison. His path from
poverty to fame exemplifies the American Dream. Rockabilly genre.
Rockabilly - ANSWERA type of popular music, originating in the southeastern US in the 1950s,
combining elements of rock and roll and country music.
Doo Wop - ANSWERfeatures a vocal group harmony, nonsense syllables, a simple beat, sometimes
little or no instrumentation, and simple music and lyrics. Built upon vocal harmony. Example:
"Sh'Boom" by The Chords.
Origin of Doo Wop - ANSWERstarted by amateurs or semi-professionals on street corners in New
York and Philadelphia
Chuck Berry - ANSWERpioneer of Rock and Roll known for his guitar riffs, energetic performances,
blend of R&B and Country, and showmanship.
Radio's influence on Rock and Roll - ANSWER*introduced R&B to white audiences
*helped rock and roll go from regional to national audiences
Rhythm and Blues (R&B) - ANSWERA style of music developed by African-Americans that combines
blues and jazz characterized by a strong backbeat and related variations on syncopated instrumental
phrases
, Great Migration - ANSWERAn early 20th-century mass movement of African Americans from the
Deep South to the industrial North, seeking job opportunities and fleeing from racism and
discrimination.
Alan Freed - ANSWERA disc jockey who began playing R & B on a Cleveland radio show and gained a
wide following from black and white teenagers due to his on-air attitude and style. He coined the
term "Rock and Roll."
Payola Scandal - ANSWERThe practice of DJs taking bribes for record airplay. US congressional
hearings took place. Alan Freed was convicted and put in jail. His career was over.
Teenagers - ANSWERThis group gained influence as a market force in the 1950s. Popular music
became oriented toward them.
Movies in Rock 'n' Roll culture, often depicting teens as delinquents - ANSWERBlackboard Jungle,
Rebel Without a Cause, Rock Around the Clock, Jailhouse Rock
American Bandstand - ANSWERHosted by Dick Clark started airing in 1957, was a televised showcase
of rock 'n' roll hits in which a live audience danced to recorded music. this spread of popularity of
rock and made the host one of the best known figures among young Americans.
The Twist - ANSWERDance craze associated with the song recorded by Chubby Checker
1960s Dance Crazes - ANSWERThe Watusi, The Frug, The Monkey, The Temptation Walk, The Twist,
The Pony, The Mashed Potato, et al.
Surf Sound - ANSWERMusic originating from Southern California, optimistic tone, used reverb and
the wall of sound. Topics included cars, surfing, and girls.
The Beach Boys - ANSWERExample of Surf Sound
Car Culture - ANSWERThe automobile industry changed the face of America, the popularity of the
automobiles jumped from 26 million in 1945 to 60 million in 1960 (80% of homes had at least 1 car
by 1960). Gave young freedom from parents. Gave rise to new industries. Well paying car industry
jobs were part of the growing middle class.
Aretha Franklin - ANSWER"The Queen of Soul," she began singing gospel music at an early age and
had several hit records with Atlantic, including "Respect" in 1967
Women's Movement - ANSWERmain goal of 1960s and 70s was equal job opportunities, challenged
traditional views of women's place in society, paralleled Aretha Franklin's career
Beatlemania - ANSWERterm used to describe the extreme frenzy related to the Beatles
The Beatles - ANSWERA rock 'n' roll singing group from Liverpool, England that was phenomenally
popular in the middle and late 1960s. The four members were John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George
Harrison, and Ringo Starr. Among their many popular songs, most of which were written by Lennon
and McCartney, were "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and "Hey, Jude."
The Beatles' Image - ANSWERCarefully cultivated by manager Brian Epstein, characterized by "boy
next door" appeal
The Rolling Stones - ANSWERA British rock group who cultivated an image as "bad boys" in deliberate
contrast to the friendly public image projected by the Beatles. Influence by The Blues.
