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Lower GI NU 433 Exam Questions And Answers
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Lower GI NU 433 Exam Questions And AnswersFour Quadrants of the abdomen - ANSWER right upper, left upper, right lower, left lower
9 regions of the abdomen - ANSWER right hypochondriac, epigastric, left
hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
Hernia - ANSWER Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally
contains it
Bowel Herniation - ANSWER displacement of the bowel through a weakness of the
abdominal muscle into other areas of the abdominal cavity
Incisional Hernia - ANSWER - can occur as a postsurgical complication due to
inadequate healing of the incisional site from malnutrition, infection, obesity
Risk Factors for Hernias - ANSWER - male sex
- advanced age
- increased intra-abdominal pressure due to pregnancy or obesity
- genetics
Complications of Hernias ANSWER unreducible: hernia contents cannot be manipulated
back into the abdominal cavity incarcerated: contents of the sac are imprisoned in the
sac of the hernia strangulated: blood supply is cut off to the hernia sac can lead to
obstruction, necrosis, perforation Clinical Manifestations of Hernias ANSWER
abdominal distention tachycardia -vomiting abdominal pain fever
Hernias Client Information - ANSWER o Avoid increased intra-abdominal pressure for
2-3 weeks o Apply ice as directed and check and report redness and swelling at the
incisional site o Prevent constipation by increasing dietary fiber and fluids o Rest, return
,to work 1-2 weeks postoperatively as directed by surgeon
- truss pad with hernia belt is worn during waking hours to prevent bulging into the
hernia sac; skin under the pad is inspected daily
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - ANSWER chronic functional disorder characterized by
recurrent abdominal pain associated with disordered bowel movements, which may
include diarrhea, constipation, or both
Triggers for IBS - ANSWER - chronic stress (anxiety, depression)
- sleep deprivation
-surgery
- infections
- diverticulitis
- some foods (spicy, fried, aspartane)
Environmental factors of IBS - ANSWER dairy products, caffeinated beverages,
infectious agents
Immunological Factors of IBS - ANSWER cytokine genes, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
alfa
Risk Factors for IBS - ANSWER - female sex
- stress
- eating large meals
- caffeine intake
- alcohol intake
Clinical Manifestations for IBS - ANSWER - pain
- bloating
, - abdominal distention
- belching
- alterations in bowel patterns
Diagnostics for IBS - ANSWER - CBC, CRP, or fecal calprotectin
- Stool Studies
- contrast radiography studies
- barium enema
-colonoscopy
- manometry
- electromyography
Nursing Management for IBS - ANSWER - relieve abdominal pain
- control diarrhea or constipation
- educate client
Client Information - ANSWER - medication management
- complimentary medicine
- dietary changes
- food diary
- adequate fluid intake but not with meals
- avoid alcohol and smoking
- relaxation techniques
Medications for IBS - ANSWER Alosetron and Lubiprostone
Alosetron - ANSWER o indicated for IBS-D in females that has lasted >6 months and is
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