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NU 433 Adrenal and Pituitary Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
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NU 433 Adrenal and Pituitary Exam Questions And100% Correct Answers
Pituitary gland - ANSWER -aka master gland bc of the influence it has on secretion of
hormones by other endocrine glands and due to its regulation of many bodily functions
-part of your endocrine system
-main function: to secrete hormones into your blood stream
-size of a pea
-sits right behind your eyes; underneath hypothalamus at base of skull
-works for and is regulated by the hypothalamus
-controls adrenal gland
-posterior: ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin
-anterior: GH, ACTH (adrenocorticoids), TSH (thyroid hormones), FSH and LH (ICSH;
testosterone), FSH and LH (estrogen and progesterone), and prolactin
Adrenal gland - ANSWER -each person has two, one attached to upper portion of each
kidney
-little triangles that sit on top of the kidneys
-two endocrine glands with separate, independent functions
-produce hormones that you can't live without, including sex hormones and cortisol
-medulla: catecholamines
-cortex : mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisol), and and
androgens
Negative feedback loop-ANS-controls how and when hormones are secreted
-how body tells self which hormone it needs
-some factor, such as BP, changes; change is detected by sensor; sensor sends
message to an integrating center which in turn stimulates an effector; effector will do
something to alter the factor that changed
, -pituitary gland : sends ACTH to adrenal glands
-adrenal gland: inc secretion of hormones cortisol and aldosterone by adrenal cortex
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH; vasopressin) - ANSWER -secreted by posterior pituitary to
increase water reabsorption by the kidneys
-"To pee or not to pee? That is the question."
-makes you hold on to fluid; opposite of diuresis; retention
-too much: not peeing
-not enough: peeing too much
Cortisol - ANSWER -glucocorticoid secreted by adrenal gland cortex
-steroid hormone with multiple roles, including protein metabolism, blood sugar
regulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and salt/water balance
-inc by stress, inc glucose
Aldosterone - ANSWER -mineralocorticoid produced by adrenal cortex
-sodium reabsorption, increase potassium excretion by the kidney
Epinephrine and norepinephrine - ANSWER -released from the adrenal medulla to serve
as neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous system
-elicits the "fight or flight response"
-catecholamines
Growth hormone - ANSWER -hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary to stimulate
protein synthesis and bone and muscle growth
-increases breakdown of fatty acids and increases glucose levels
Serum osmolality - ANSWER -diagnostic for hormone imbalance
-lab tests
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