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NU 433 Exam 4 GI Questions And Correct Answers
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NU 433 Exam 4 GI Questions And Correct Answersconstipation - ANSWER Defined as fewer than three bowel movements weekly or bowel
movements that are hard, dry, small, or difficult to pass
Fecal impaction
Hemorrhoids
Fissures
Rectal prolapse
Megacolon - ANSWER what are complications of constipation?
diarrhea - ANSWER Increased frequency of bowel movements (more than three per day)
with altered consistency (increased liquidity) of stool
-Increased frequency and fluid content of stools
-Abdominal cramps
-Distention
-Borborygmus- sound stomach makes when have diarrhea
-Anorexia and thirst
Painful spasmodic contractions of the anus
Tenesmus - ANSWER what are manifestations of diarrhea?
borborygmus - ANSWER sound stomach makes when have diarrhea
electrolytes - ANSWER if pt cannot keep anything down, what should you monitor?
keep pt clean, dry, and apply a barrier cream to prevent skin breakdown - ANSWER If a
pt is having multiple watery stools what should the nurse do?
,fecal incontinence - ANSWER -Anal sphincter weakness
-Traumatic (e.g., after surgical procedures involving the rectum) and nontraumatic
(e.g., scleroderma)
•Minor soiling
•Occasional urgency
•Loss of control
•Complete incontinence
•Megacolon- fecal incontinence - ANSWER what are manifestations for fecal
incontinence?
fecal incontinence - ANSWER Megacolon is associated with ___
•Hernias
•Intestinal Obstructions
•IBS - ANSWER what are three types of noninflammatory bowel disorder?
hernia - ANSWER Protrusion of an organ or any part of an organ through the wall of the
cavity that normally contains it
bowel herniation - ANSWER displacement of bowel through a weakness of the
abdominal muscle into other areas of the abdominal cavity
•male gender
•advanced age
•increased abdominal pressure (pregnancy)
•genetics - ANSWER what are risk factors of a hernia?
, •abdominal distention
•tachycardia
•vomiting
•abdominal pain
•fever - ANSWER what are manifestations of a hernia?
•post op client information
•avoid increased intra-abdominal pressure for 2-3 weeks
•apply ice as prescribed, inspect and report redness or swelling at the incision site
•prevent constipation by increasing dietary fiber and fluids
•Rest. Usually return to work in 1-2 weeks postoperatively, or as ordered by the
surgeon. - ANS what are pt learning needs w/a hernia?
-Abdominal X-rays
-Ultrasound for suspected strangulated hernias
-CT scan for obese patients - ANS what dx test are used for a hernia?
intestinal obstruction; mechanical obstruction and functional obstruction (paralytic) -
ANSWER ___ when a blockage inhibits the normal flow of intestinal contents through the
intestinal tract. Two types:
mechanical obstructions - ANSWER bowel is blocked by something outside or inside the
intestines
-Intussusception (telescoping of one segment of bowel into another)
-Volvulus (twisted intestine)
-Hernia (protrusion of an organ)
-Tumor (growth inside blocking passage or stool or compressing from outside the
intestine)
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