2.2 Subsets 19
2.3 Venn Diagrams and Set Operations
l 21 l l l
2.4 Venn Diagrams With Three Sets and Verification of Equality of Sets
l l l l l l l l l l 27
2.5 Applications of Sets 37 l l
2.6 Infinite Sets 40 l l
Review Exercises 41 l
Chapter Test 44 l
Group Projects 46 l
CHAPTER 3 LOGIC
l
3.1 Statements and Logical Connectives 47 l l l
3.2 Truth Tables for Negation, Conjunction, and Disjunction
l l l l l l 49
3.3 Truth Tables for the Conditional and Biconditional
l 56 l l l l l
3.4 Equivalent Statements 64 l
3.5 Symbolic Arguments 73 l
3.6 Euler Diagrams and Syllogistic Arguments
l 80 l l l
3.7 Switching Circuits 82 l
Review Exercises 85
l l
Chapter Test 92
l l
Group Projects 94
l l
CHAPTER 4 SYSTEMS OF NUMERATION
l l l
4.1 Additive, Multiplicative, and Ciphered Systems of Numeration
l l l l l l 95
4.2 Place-Value or Positional-Value Numeration Systems 98 l l l l
4.3 Other Bases 101 l
4.4 Computation in Other Bases 108 l l l
4.5 Early Computational Methods
l 111 l
Review Exercises 115 l
Chapter Test 119 l
Group Projects 121 l
CHAPTER 5 NUMBER THEORY AND THE REAL NUMBER SYSTEM
l l l l l l l
5.1 Number Theory 123 l
5.2 The Integers 127
l
5.3 The Rational Numbers 129
l l
5.4 The Irrational Numbers and the Real Number System
l 135 l l l l l l
5.5 Real Numbers and Their Properties
l 138 l l l
5.6 Rules of Exponents and Scientific Notation
l 140
l l l l
5.7 Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences 144 l l l
5.8 Fibonacci Sequence 148 l
Review Exercises 150
l l
Chapter Test 153
l l
Group Projects 153 l
,CHAPTER 6 ALGEBRA, GRAPHS, AND FUNCTIONS
l l l l
6.1 Order of Operations 155
l l
6.2 Linear Equations in One Variable
l 157 l l l
6.3 Formulas 166
6.4 Applications of Linear Equations in One Variable 176 l l l l l l
6.5 Variation 182
6.6 Linear Inequalities 187 l
6.7 Graphing Linear Equations 193 l l
6.8 Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
l 203 l l l
6.9 Solving Quadratic Equations by Using Factoring and by Using
l l l l l l l l
the Quadratic Formula 209
l l l
6.10 Functions and Their Graphs 215 l l l
Review Exercises 226 l
Chapter Test 238 l
Group Projects 241 l
CHAPTER 7 SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES
l l l l l l
7.1 Systems of Linear Equations 243 l l l
7.2 Solving Systems of Equations by the Substitution and Addition
l l l l l l l l
Methods 250
l
7.3 Matrices 257
7.4 Solving Systems of Equations by Using Matrices
l 265 l l l l l
7.5 Systems of Linear Inequalities 268 l l l
7.6 Linear Programming 271 l
Review Exercises 275
l l
Chapter Test 280
l l
Group Projects 283 l
CHAPTER 8 THE METRIC SYSTEM
l l l
8.1 Basic Terms and Conversions Within the Metric System
l 285 l l l l l l
8.2 Length, Area, and Volume 286 l l l
8.3 Mass and Temperature
l 288 l
8.4 Dimensional Analysis and Conversions to and from the Metric System l l l l l l l l l 290
Review Exercises 295 l
Chapter Test 297 l
Group Projects 298 l
CHAPTER 9 GEOMETRY
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9.1 Points, Lines, Planes, and Angles
l 301 l l l
9.2 Polygons 305
9.3 Perimeter and Area 310 l l
9.4 Volume and Surface Area 314 l l l
9.5 Transformational Geometry, Symmetry, and Tessellations l l l l 318
9.6 Topology 322
9.7 Non-Euclidean Geometry and Fractal Geometry 323 l l l l
Review Exercises 325 l
Chapter Test 329 l
Group Projects 330 l
CHAPTER 10 MATHEMATICAL SYSTEMS
l l
10.1 Groups 331
10.2 Finite Mathematical Systems 332
l l
10.3 Modular Arithmetic 336 l
Review Exercises 340
l l
Chapter Test 343
l l
Group Projects 345 l
, CHAPTER 11 CONSUMER MATHEMATICS
l l
11.1 Percent 347
11.2 Personal Loans and Simple Interest 350 l l l l
11.3 Compound Interest 353 l
11.4 Installment Buying 356 l
11.5 Buying a House with a Mortgage 363 l l l l l
11.6 Ordinary Annuities, Sinking Funds, l l l
and Retirement Investments
l l 367 l
Review Exercises 368
l l
Chapter Test 372 l
Group Projects 373 l
CHAPTER 12 PROBABILITY
l
12.1 The Nature of Probability
l 375 l l
12.2 Theoretical Probability 376 l
12.3 Odds 379
12.4 Expected Value (Expectation) 382 l l
12.5 Tree Diagrams 386 l
12.6 Or and And Problems
l 390 l l
12.7 Conditional Probability 394 l
12.8 The Counting Principle and Permutations
l 397 l l l
12.9 Combinations 399
12.10 Solving Probability Problems by Using Combinationsl l l l l 402
12.11 Binomial Probability Formula 406 l l
Review Exercises 407 l
Chapter Test 410 l
Group Projects 412 l
CHAPTER 13 STATISTICS
l
13.1 Sampling Techniques 413 l
13.2 The Misuses of Statistics
l 413 l l
13.3 Frequency Distributions and Statistical Graphs l l l l 415
13.4 Measures of Central Tendency 423 l l l
13.5 Measures of Dispersion 427 l l
13.6 The Normal Curve 433
l l
13.7 Linear Correlation and Regression l 439 l l
Review Exercises 450 l
Chapter Test 455 l
Group Projects 457 l
CHAPTER 14 GRAPH THEORY
l l
14.1 Graphs, Paths, and Circuits 459 l l l
14.2 Euler Paths and Euler Circuits
l 462 l l l
14.3 Hamilton Paths and Hamilton Circuits l l l l 466
14.4 Trees 472
Review Exercises 483 l
Chapter Test 488 l
Group Projects 489 l
CHAPTER 15 VOTING AND APPORTIONMENT
l l l
15.1 Voting Systems 491 l
15.2 Flaws of Voting 496 l l
15.3 Apportionment Methods 500 l
15.4 Flaws of Apportionment Methodsl506 l l
Review Exercises 510 l
Chapter Test 514 l
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