These notes are all you need to achieve those top grades in your exams!
- For the new IGCSE/GCSE Geography syllabus (based on the 9-1 IGCSE Edexcel Geography syllabus, but also suitable for other exam boards)
- Suitable for higher/foundation
- 65 pages of concise notes & diagrams (no unnecessa...
RIVER ENVIRONMENTS Hydrological cycle (stores, flows), drainage
basin, hydrograph, factors increasing
discharge, weathering, mass movement,
erosion, transportation, deposition, long profile
of a river, Bradshaw model, upland landforms
(V-shaped valley, interlocking spurs, waterfalls
& gorges), lowland landforms (meanders,
ox-bow lake, floodplains, levees, estuary/delta),
water uses/demand/supply/surplus &
deficit/pollution, managing supply of clean
water, physical & human causes of flood, flood
prediction, flood control (hard-engineering, soft
engineering)
River Tees (river long profile), China & Spain
(river & water management)
Fieldwork - Bradshaw model
HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS Distribution of tropical cyclones/earthquakes/
volcanoes, tropical storms (characteristics,
ingredients, damages, measurement,
formation), plate boundaries, volcanoes
(primary/secondary impacts, measurement,
hotspot volcanoes), earthquakes
(primary/secondary impacts, measurements),
tsunami, steps to prepare for natural hazards
Mount Merapi eruption, Typhoon Mangkhut in
Hong Kong, Nepal earthquake, Amatrice
earthquake
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY & ENERGY Employment structure, sectors of the economy,
Clark Fisher model, location factors, sphere of
influence, informal employment, population
growth & resource theories (Malthus, Boserup),
energy security/gap, types/pros & cons of
1
, non-renewable & renewable energy
China & UK (pros & cons of economic sector
shift), Qatar & Nepal (energy resource
management),
URBAN ENVIRONMENTS Urbanisation & reasons for it, factors affecting
rate of urbanisation, urban process (definitions),
reasons for suburbanisation, megacities &
factors affecting its growth, world/global cities,
problems of rapid urbanisation, urban land use,
bid-rent theory, zones of a city, urban
challenges in developed & developing
countries, development of urban fringe,
brownfield & greenfield sites, slum
management
Dharavi & Hong Kong (urban challenges),
Curitiba & BedZED (sustainable living)
Fieldwork - land use, bid-rent theory, Burgess
model
GLOBALISATION & MIGRATION Globalisation & factors encouraging it, workings
of the global economy, global institutions (IMF,
WTO, World Bank, NGO, TNCs), types of
population movement/migration, push & pull
factors influencing the different types of
migration, types of migrants, pros & cons to
countries hosting TNCs, pros & cons of
migration on migrant, pros & cons of migration
to origin & destination, reasons for rise in global
tourism, pros & cons of mass tourism,
geopolitics, ecotourism
UK (migration management), Bhutan & Cyprus
(sustainable tourism)
2
, how to answer
questions
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