100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
USMLE Step 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers $9.99
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. USMLE Step 1
  4.  
  5. USMLE Step 1

Exam (elaborations)

USMLE Step 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
 0 purchase
  • Course
  • USMLE Step 1
  • Institution
  • USMLE Step 1

USMLE Step 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers Heterophile ab NEGATIVE Mono-like syndromes - CORRECT ANSWER- *CMV HHV-6 HIV Toxoplasmosis Wernicke's Aphasia - CORRECT ANSWER- -word salad: well-articulated, nonsensical speech paired with lack of lang comprehension -aud ass...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 41  pages

Document information

  • October 13, 2024
  • 41
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

Written for

  • USMLE Step 1
  • USMLE Step 1

Seller

avatar-seller
MGRADES

Reviews received

Content preview

USMLE Step 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Heterophile ab NEGATIVE Mono-like syndromes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- *CMV
HHV-6
HIV
Toxoplasmosis


Wernicke's Aphasia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -word salad: well-articulated, nonsensical
speech paired with lack of lang comprehension
-aud association cortex: post part of sup temporal gyrus
- supplied by MCA


Congenital Deficiency of Propionyl CoA Carboxylase - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -
prevents conversion of propionyl CoA to methylmalonyl CoA
-propionyl CoA derived from= val, ile, met, thr, odd # FA, cholesterol side chains
-Propionic Acidemia: poor feeding, vomiting, hypotonia, lethargy, dehydration, anion gap
acidosis


Down Synd Comorbidities - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Neuro: MR, early onset Alzheimer's
Cardio: complete AV septal defect, VSD, ASD
GI: duodenal atresia, hirschprung disease
Endo: hypothyroid, DM1, obesity
Heme: ALL (> 5 yo) and AML (<5 yo)
Rheumatology: atlantoaxial stability


MCC of Hypoglycemia in EtOH-ics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Thiamine def=
suppression of GNG (pyruvate DH) and TCA cyle (alpha-KG DH)


MCC of Hypoglycemia in advanced renal insuff - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- impaired
clearance of insulin

,Avoid Nitrates in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy bc... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Nitrates
decrease preload, which will increase the LV outflow tract... BUT since the ventricle is
abnormally shaped, there is an outflow obstruction


Mets through BM - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Clonal proliferation of cells can invade/
metastasize*
1. malignant cells to lose their cell-to-cell adhesion molecules (cadherins)
2. cell receptors to attach to laminin (a glycoprotein) in the basement membrane and to
release metalloproteinases (e.g., collagenases, stromelysins, gelatinases) to degrade the
basement membrane and other enzymes to degrade the interstitial connective tissue- tissue
inhibitors of metalloproteinases neutralize these tumor-produced enzymes and limit the
degree of invasion
3. cell receptors to attach to bronectin and other proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM)
and to break it down
4. malignant cells to produce cytokines that stimulate locomotion, so that they can move
through basement membranes and the intracellular and extracellular matrices


Bicuspid Aortic Valve - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Commonly presents in young,
asymptomatic patient with soft systolic ejection at right 2nd ICS
-can cause aortic regurg


MCC of Vaginal Candidiasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1. Abx use= reduces lactobacilli
pop
2. High estrogen levels- preg
3. System corticosteroid therapy
4. Uncontrolled DM
5. Immunosuppression, including HIV


Drug causes of SIADH - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Carbamazepine
-Cyclophosphamide
-SSRI


MC Ankle Sprain due to inversion of plantar-flexed foot - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Ant
Talofibular Lig dmg

,-ecchymosis at the ant-lat aspect of the ankle


Upper Brachial Plexus Injury - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - Musculocutaneous and
Suprascapular N.
- dystocia mc in neonates; severe trauma mc in adults
- should adduction, elbow extension, and forearm pronation


Patent foramen ovale - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -failure of septum primum and septum
secundum to fuse after birth
-can lead to paradoxical emboli


Ventricular Septal Defect - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -MC occurs in membranous septum
-Acyanotic at birth bc of L to R shunt


Coronary Blood Flow Peak - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -at Early Diastole
-coronary perfusion driven by diastolic pressure
-tachycardia will decrease coronary perfusion


Right Dom Heart - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- majority of people
-PDA comes off RCA
-SA and AV nodes supplied by RCA


Left Dom Heart - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -PDA comes off of LCX
- SA and AV node supplied by LCX


Increased Pulse Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- hyperthyroidism, aortic regurgitation,
aortic stiffening (isolated systolic hypertension in elderly), obstructive sleep apnea (
sympathetic tone), exercise (transient)


Decreased Pulse Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- aortic stenosis, cardiogenic shock,
cardiac tamponade, advanced heart failure (HF)

, Causes of Spontaneous Depol causing Tachyarrhythmias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
Hypokalemia, Hypermagnesemia, or prolonged QT interval
= all cause spontaneous depol of ventricles in phase 3 or 4 and it will cause an extra AP in
heart


Direct alpha 1 agonist mediated effects - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - vasc smooth muscle
contraction= increased afterload and venous return= increased DBP + SBP causes reflexive
increase in vagal tone= dec HR and slowed AV conduction
- mydriasis
- increased internal urethral sphincter tone and prostate contraction


Direct alpha 2 agonist mediated effects - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - CNS med decrease in
BP
- decreased intraocular pressure
- decreased lipolysis
- decreased presyn NE release
- increased platelet aggregation


S. epidermidis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - coag neg
-novobiocin sens
- infective endocarditis and infective arthritis in prosthetic pts


Asymptomatic heart defect in turner's synd - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -nonstenotic
bicuspid aortic valve
-early systolic , high frequency click over right second IC space


Cardiac Changes w/ Normal Aging - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- - decreased left ventricular
chamber size
- shortened base- to- apex dimension
- ventricular septum becomes sigmoid and shape, with basilar portion bulging into LV
outflow tract

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MGRADES. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

67479 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling
$9.99
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added