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Adult Health Exam 1/277 Questions and Answers A+ Graded
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Adult Health Exam 1/277 Questionsand Answers A+ Graded
Emergency surgery - -immediate surgery needed to save life or limb without
delay
Ex. severe bleeding, bladder/Intestinal obstruction, fractured skull, GSW or
stab wound, and extensive burns
-Urgent surgery - -patient requires prompt attention within 24-30 hours.
Ex. closed fractures, infected wound exploration/irrigation.
-Required surgery - -patient needs to have surgery, planned within a few
weeks or months
Ex. prostatic hyperplasia, thyroid disorders, and cataracts
-Elective surgery - -surgery that is recommended but can be omitted or
delayed without catastrophe
Ex. repair of scars, simple hernia, vaginal repair.
-Optional surgery - -a personal preference
Ex. cosmetic surgery
-What is an ambulatory patient referring to surgery? - -no overnight stay
and not acute - outpatient, same-day, or short stay.
-What is an inpatient individual? - -patient admitted to hospital greater than
23 hours.
-What is a diagnostic surgery? - -to make or confirm a diagnosis
-What is a curative surgery? - -resolve a health problem by repairing or
removing the cause
-What is a reparative surgery? - -to repair something Ex. broken bones
-What is an exploratory surgery? - -patient gives consent to inspect but
thats all unless consent is given.
-What is preventative surgery? - -prevent something from progressing
(mole removal, preventative mastectomy)
-What is rehabilitative surgery? - -increases function (THA total hip
arthroplasty)
,-What is cosmetic surgery? - -alter or enhance personal appearance
-What is palliative surgery? - -procedure in effort to relieve symptoms (pain)
to give pt better quality of life. (ex. cancer patients)
-Preoperative phase - -starts with patient decision to have surgery and ends
when the patient is transferred to the OR bed.
-Intraoperative phase - -starts when the patient is on the OR bed and ends
with admission to PACU
-Postoperative phase - -starts with admission to PACU and ends with the
patients last follow up appointment
-perioperative phase - -spans the entire surgical experience
-What phase can nurse work in? - -all
-The nurse is caring for a hospice client who is scheduled for a surgery to
remove a penal tumor in an effort to relieve pain and urinary incontinence.
The nurse recognizes that this surgical procedure as which of the following?
A. Preventative
B. Rehabilitative
C. Curative
D. Palliative - -D. Palliative
-Does UAB have the PACT (preoperative, assessment, consultation, and
treatment)? - -yes
-What is involved in the preoperative phase? - -an assessment, education,
involving family/loved ones, verify completion of preop diagnostic testing,
confirm understanding of preop therapies, discuss and review advanced
directive document, discharge planning (transportation and care)
-What is a major aspect of preoperative care? - -assessment of risk factors
-When does discharge planning begin? - -admission (preoperative phase)
-A nurse is planning preoperative care for a client who will undergo surgery.
Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
A. review the clients current home environment
B. discuss if family members will assist with postoperative care
C. determine what the client knows about the surgery
D. identify the clients usual coping mechanisms - -C
, -What are risk factors for surgical complications? - -Obstructive sleep apnea
(OSA), Pregnancy, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver
disease, kidney disease, endocrine disorders, immune system disorders,
coagulation defect, malnutrition, obesity, home medications, substance use,
family history, allergies, psychosocial/mental health, age
-What surgeries require intubation? - -all surgeries
-What is required for females before surgery? - -pregnancy test
-If a patient has diabetes and needs surgery, at what glucose level will the
surgery be pushed back if an option? - -glucose level greater than 300 or
350
-What role does the liver play in surgery? - -it plays a role in coagulation
-If a patient has malnutrition what could be a problem? - -poor/delayed
wound healing
-If a patient is obese what would be a problem with surgery? - -pulmonary
function decreases and delayed wound healing
-What would be the problem with home medications relating to surgery? - -
their home medications should be assessed to know what needs to be
discontinued or what should be modified while prescribing
-what would be the issue if a patient has a substance use problem? - -
tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and opioids affect pulmonary, anesthesia,
and ventilation.
-What is the main thing a nurse is looking for as a risk factor while going
through family history? - -malignant hyperthermia
-When a patient states that they are allergic to a substance what should the
nurse do? - -ask what happens during this reaction
-To assess a patients mental health before surgery what should the nurse
ask about? - -patients support system and coping strategies
-Why is age a risk factor for surgery? - -organ function declines with age
-What does the older population have less of? - -subcutaneous fat
-What are the risk factors of surgery for the gerontologic population? - -
decreased hepatic and renal function, less physiologic reserve, reduced GI
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