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adult health exam 1 hypertension/Questions and Answers
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adult health exam 1 hypertension/Questionsand Answers
What is a normal blood pressure? - -<120/<80
-what is an elevated blood pressure? - -120-129/ and <80
-what is stage 1 hypertension - -130-139 and/or 80-89
-what is stage 2 hypertension? - -140-159 and/or 90-99
-what is a hypertensive crisis? (value) - -180/120
-how many times must you measure an elevated blood pressure for
someone to be diagnosed? what is the exception? - -an average from 2 or
more reproducible measurements on 2 separate occasions
the exception is 2 readings on one occasion of 160/100 or greater
-what is essential hypertension? - -hypertension that has no known cause
-what is secondary hypertension? - -hypertension is due to a known cause.
ex: chronic kidney disease, Cushing's syndrome, Hypo/Hyperthyrroidism,
medication abuse (NSAIDs or substance abuse), obstructive sleep apnea,
preeclampsia
secondary hypertension is treated by treating the known cause
-Your patient is not taking their hypertension management seriously. You
warn them that it lead lead to which 3 scary consequences? - -
cardiovascular disease
stroke
chronic kidney disease
-each increase of ______ mmHG in SBP or _____ mmHG in DBP doubles the
risk of death from stroke or heart disease - -20;10
-what is a stable blood pressure in patients with hypertension (normally)? - -
115/75 or 130/80
-at what age do women start having a greater risk for hypertension over
men? - -65 years
, -what is the difference between ambulatory BPMs and home BPMs? - -
ambulatory BPMs are assessed during routine daily activities while home
BPMs are assessed at specific times while the patient is seated and resting
-what is masked HTN? - -elevated BP consistent with hypertension in setting
outside of the hospital or clinic, and BP normal in health care settings
-what is white coat HTN? - -BP readings suggestive of HTN in health care
settings, but are within normal ranges in other settings
-describe blood pressure cuff size - -cuff size should have a bladder width of
at least 40% of limb circumference and length 80-100% of limb
circumference
-your patient asks you why having a high blood pressure is called the silent
killer, you answer with? - -hypertension can cause target organ damage
without any signs or symptoms
-absent, weak, or delayed femoral pulses suggest what? - -narrowing of the
aorta or severe PVD
-how would you evaluate for leven ventricular hypertrophy? - --displaced
apex
-a sustained and enlarged apical impulse
-an s4 sound (the heart cannot push all the blood through the thick pressure
so the new blood sloshes with the old blood that could not be ejected)
-what signs and symptoms found in the eyes may lead you to believe the pt
is suffering from target organ damage due to diabetes? - -retinal changes,
blurred vision, diminished visual acuity, spots in front of the eyes
-what neuro assessment findings may lead you to believe a pt is suffering
from target organ damage due to HTN? - --headache
-nosebleeds
-alterations in speech
-ss of stroke (balance, eyes, face, speech)
-if someone has a normal bp when do they need to follow up with the
doctor? - -1 year
-if someone has an elevated bp (120-129/80) and no previous history when
do they need to follow up with a doctor? - -3-6 months after making some
lifestyle changes
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