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Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete Solutions
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Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete Solutions
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Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete SolutionsWhat type of tissue is the anterior pituitary made of? Correct Ans-Glandular tissue
What type of tissue is the posterior pituitary made of? Correct Ans-Neural tissue
ADH is a (anterior/posterior) pituitary hormone that does what? Correct Ans-Posterior
Pituitary
-Conserves water during urine formation
-Causes contraction of arteriolar smooth muscle
-Release controlled by hypothalamic
osmoreceptors
Oxytocin is a (anterior/posterior) pituitary hormone that does what? Correct Ans-Anterior
Pituitary
-Stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle
-Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands
, Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete Solutions
-Other maternal behaviors
Regulation of secretion of anterior pituitary hormones controlled by
_______________________ hormones released from __________________ cells of
hypothalamus Correct Ans-hypophysiotropic, neurosecretory
The neurosecretory cells are longer in the (anterior/posterior) pituitary? Correct Ans-
posterior
Posterior pituitary hormones are synthesized ____________ and stored ___________.
Correct Ans-synthesized in the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior pituitary
Fetal growth stimulated by ... Correct Ans-hormones from placenta
GH's non tropic function: Correct Ans-Metabolic
-Binds directly to adipose tissue to breakdown triglycerides into fatty acids & use of liberated
fatty acids as an energy source
-Conserves glucose for glucose-dependent tissues (brain)
-Increases blood [glucose] by decreasing uptake by muscles
, Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete Solutions
How does GH affect soft tissue? Correct Ans-increases # of cells, and increasing size of cells
Osteoporosis makes the Vertebral column vulnerable to Correct Ans-compression fractures
Osteoporosis makes the Femoral neck vulnerable to Correct Ans-displaced stress fractures
Osteoclasts dissolve bone on (inner/outer) surface to enlarge marrow cavity Correct Ans-
inner
Stimulus of GH secretion: Correct Ans-Exercise, stress, fasting, low plasma glucose, sleep
GH deficiency. Correct Ans-Due to:
Pituitary defect (↓ GH)
Abnormal GH receptors in liver that are unresponsive to GH (↓ IGF-1)
Hypothalamic dysfunction (↓ GHRH) (Secondary hyposecretion)
Insulin on GH Correct Ans-Stimulates postnatal growth by stimulating secretion of IGF-1
, Bio 270 Hynd Final Exam with Complete Solutions
Hyperinsulinism often spurs excessive growth
-May interact with IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1 agonist)
Role of Estrogen on growth Correct Ans--Stimulates secretion of GH and IGF-1 at puberty
-Stimulate closure of epiphyseal plates
Role of Testosterone on growth Correct Ans--Stimulates secretion of GH and IGF-1 at
puberty
-Testicular testosterone responsible for heavier male musculature (protein synthesis)
-Stimulate closure of epiphyseal plates
Role of Thyroid hormone on growth Correct Ans-Required for the synthesis of GH
Growth severely stunted in hypothyroid children (slowed bone growth)
Hypersecretion does not cause excessive growth
Role of Insulin on growth Correct Ans-Stimulates fetal growth
Stimulates postnatal growth by stimulating secretion of IGF-1
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