HESI RN MEDICAL SURGICAL EXAM PACK
2024/2025 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
WITH RATIONALES
1.An ER nurse is completing an assessment on a patient that is
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alert but struggles to answer questions. When she attempts to
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talk, she slurs her speech and appears very frightened. What
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additional clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to find
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if nacy's sysmptoms have been caused by a brain attack
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(stroke)?
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A. A carotid bruit
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B. A hypotensive blood pressure
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C. hyperreflexic deep tendon relexes.
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D. Decreased bowel sounds
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ANS✅: A) A carotid bruit. zz z z z
Rationale: the carotid artery (artery to the brain) is narrowed in
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clients with a brain attack. A bruit is an abnormal sound heard on
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auscultation resulting from interference with normal blood flow.
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,2 Usually the blood pressure is hypertensive. Initially flaccid
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paralysis occurs, resulting in hyporefkexic deep tendon reflexes.
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Bowel sounds are not indicative of a brain attack.
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2.Which clinical manifestation further supports an
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assessment of a left-sided brain attack?
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A) Visual field deficit on the left side.
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B) Spatial-perceptual deficits.
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C) Paresthesia of the left side.
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D) Global aphasia.
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D) Global aphasia.
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ANS✅ D) Global aphasia. zz z z
Rationale: Global aphasia refers to difficulty speaking, listening,
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and understanding, as well as difficulty reading and writing.
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Symptoms vary from person to person. Aphasia may occur
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secondary to any brain injury involving the left hemisphere.
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Visual field deficits, spatial-perceptual deficits, and paresthsia of
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the left side usually occur with right-sided brain attack.
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3.When preparing a patient for a noncontrast computed
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tomography (CT) scan STAT, what nursing intervention
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should the nurse implement?
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,3
A) Determine if the client has any allergies to iodine
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B) Explain that the client will not be able to move her head
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throughout the CT scan.
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C) Premedicate the client to decrease pain prior to having the
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procedure.
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D) Provide an explanation of relaxation exercises prior to the
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procedure.
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ANS✅ B) Explain that the client will not be able to move her
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head throughout the CT scan.
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Rationale: Because head motion will distort the images, Nancy
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will have to remain still throughout the procedure. Allergies to
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iodine is important if contrast dye is being used for the CT scan.
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Premedicating the client to decrease pain prior to the procedure is
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unnecessary because CT scanning is a noninvasive and painless
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procedure. Providing an explanation of relaxation exercises prior
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to the procedure is a worthwhile intervention to decrease anxiety
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but is not of highest priority.
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4.A neurologist prescribes a magnetic resonance imaging
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(MRI) of the head STAT for a patient. Which data warrants
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immediate intervention by the nurse concerning this
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diagnostic test?
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, 4 A) Elevated blood pressure.
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B) Allergy to shell fish.
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C) Right hip replacement.
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D) History of atrial fibrillation.
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ANS✅ C) Right hip replacement. zz z z z
Rationale: The magnetic field generated by the MRI is so strong
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that metal-containing items are strongly attracted to the magnet.
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Because the hip joint is made of metal, a lead shield must be used
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during the procedure. Elevated blood pressure, an allergy to shell
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fish, and a history of atrial fibrillation would not affect the MRI.
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5.A client's daughter is sitting by her mother's bedside who
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was recently transferred to the Intermediate Care Unit. She
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states "I don't understand what a brain attack is. The
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healthcare provider told me my mother is in serious condition
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and they are going to run several tests. I just don't know what
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is going on. What happened to my mother?" What is the best
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response by the nurse?
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A) "I am sorry, but according to the Health Insurance Portability
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and Accounting Act (HIPAA), I cannot give you any
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information."
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B) "Your mother has had a stroke, and the blood supply to the
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brain has been blocked."
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