NURS 661 Exam 3 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is the role of beta-blockers in managing heart failure?
Beta-blockers reduce the workload on the heart by slowing the heart rate and decreasing the
force of contractions, ultimately helping to improve heart function and control heart fail...
NURS 661 Exam 3 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is the role of beta-blockers in managing heart failure?
✔✔Beta-blockers reduce the workload on the heart by slowing the heart rate and decreasing the
force of contractions, ultimately helping to improve heart function and control heart failure
symptoms.
How does pulmonary edema develop in patients with left-sided heart failure?
✔✔Pulmonary edema develops in left-sided heart failure because the heart is unable to pump
blood efficiently, causing fluid to back up into the lungs, leading to congestion and fluid
accumulation in the alveoli.
What is the clinical significance of jugular vein distension (JVD) in heart failure?
✔✔Jugular vein distension is a sign of increased central venous pressure, indicating right-sided
heart failure or fluid overload in the circulatory system.
How does atherosclerosis contribute to coronary artery disease?
1
,✔✔Atherosclerosis contributes to coronary artery disease by causing the buildup of fatty
deposits (plaque) inside the coronary arteries, which reduces blood flow to the heart muscle and
can lead to angina or myocardial infarction.
What is the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
✔✔Deep vein thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, due
to factors like venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability, which can lead to serious
complications like pulmonary embolism.
How does the use of anticoagulants help prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?
✔✔Anticoagulants prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation by reducing the formation of
blood clots, which can travel to the brain and block blood flow, causing a stroke.
What are the key nursing interventions for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis?
✔✔Key nursing interventions include administering antihypertensive medications, monitoring
blood pressure frequently, assessing for signs of organ damage, and providing a calm
environment to reduce stress.
What complications can arise from untreated chronic hypertension?
2
, ✔✔Untreated chronic hypertension can lead to complications such as stroke, heart failure,
kidney damage, vision loss, and an increased risk of atherosclerosis.
How does uncontrolled diabetes lead to diabetic neuropathy?
✔✔Uncontrolled diabetes leads to diabetic neuropathy by causing prolonged high blood sugar
levels, which damage nerves throughout the body, leading to pain, numbness, and loss of
function, especially in the extremities.
What are the clinical manifestations of acute myocardial infarction?
✔✔Clinical manifestations include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, sweating,
nausea, and sometimes pain radiating to the jaw, neck, or arm. It may also present with fatigue or
lightheadedness.
How is cardiogenic shock identified in a patient with a history of heart failure?
✔✔Cardiogenic shock is identified by signs such as hypotension, cold and clammy skin, weak
pulse, reduced urine output, and altered mental status due to the heart’s inability to pump
sufficient blood to meet the body's needs.
What are the early warning signs of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?
3
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