This note/template set is one of many giving a basic run down of meiosis and reproduction. Terminology is defined, a concept is given, and each rundown is presented in one's own way to understand outside a textbook.
= Body Cells Sex Cells
- These are diploid (2n) - These are haploid
- Ex. Blood cells, lung (n)
cells, muscle cells, - Ex. Egg and Sperm
heart cells, etc.
- Carry traits that - Carry traits that make
make you who you you who you are AND
are determine your
- Ex. Chromosomes gender
1-44 - Ex. Chromosomes
45-46 (X or Y)
= chromosome pairs that have the same types of genes
- One from mom and one from dad
= 2 identical copies of that same chromosome
= 2 full sets of chromosomes = 1 full set of
- (2n) chromosomes
- A set from mom and a set - (n)
from dad - Only one set that is
a combination of
chromosomes from
Duplicated chromosomes 2n mom and dad
- -Ex. Gametes =
Duplicated n n Egg & Sperm n=23
chromosomes
Unduplicated n n n n
chromosomes
, Jot down questions
or highlight key - Organisms that reproduce sexually ( like humans ) fuse
points and/or the genetic information ( gametes ) from two parents to
vocabulary terms produce offspring that are a genetic mixture of both
here! parents.
- Fertilization - the actual fusion of egg and sperm to form
a zygote
● Meiosis is the process of creating gametes - sex cells that have HALF
the normal number of chromosomes
● We call these cells haploid because they only have one of each
chromosomes. These cells are used ONLY for sexual reproduction (
sperm in males or eggs in females )
● A separation of homologous chromosomes
● A reduction from diploid duplicated chromosomes to haploid
duplicated chromosomes
Interphase - growth phase of cell.
Remember it is divided into 3 phases :
G1 phase - the cell grows and makes proteins.
S phase - chromosomes replicate
G2 phase - cells continue to grow and make
proteins
● Nuclear membrane breaks down.
● Centrioles separate and make spindle
fibers
● Homologous chromosomes pair up &
become visible.
May occur between homologous chromosomes
● During Prophase 1 homologous chromosomes
are lined up together
● Sometimes chromosomes can cross over each
other and get “tangled”
● When this happened, they swap pieces of DNA
● This process creates new combinations that are
“part mom/ part dad”
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller hlloyue. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
