BAYLOR Nutrition exam 3 questions & answers 2024/2025
how many vitamins are there - ANSWERS13
Nine water-soluble vitamins - ANSWERSB vitamin complex
Vitamin C
Four fat-soluble - ANSWERS•Vitamin A
•Vitamin D
•Vitamin E
•Vitamin K
provitamins - ANSWERS•Substances found i...
Nine water-soluble vitamins - ANSWERSB vitamin complex
Vitamin C
Four fat-soluble - ANSWERS•Vitamin A
•Vitamin D
•Vitamin E
•Vitamin K
provitamins - ANSWERS•Substances found in foods that are not directly usable by the body
•Converted to an active form once absorbed
Preformed vitamins - ANSWERS•Vitamins found in foods in their active form
•Do not need to be converted
Vitamin toxicity - ANSWERShypervitaminosis
all absorption takes place in the - ANSWERSsmall intestine (duodenum mostly)
Fat-soluble vitamins are generally - ANSWERSless bioavailable than water-soluble vitamins.
,Vitamins from plant foods are generally - ANSWERSless bioavailable than those in animal foods.
The liver is the main storage site for - ANSWERSvitamin A; to a lesser extent for vitamins K and E.
•Vitamin D is mainly stored in the - ANSWERSfat and muscle tissue.
absorption packaged in - ANSWERSchylomicrons-> lymph->bloodstream
water soluble vitamins are absorbed - ANSWERSdirectly into the into portal vein via the small intestine
antioxidants - ANSWERSGroup of compounds that neutralize free radicals, helping to counteract the
oxidation that takes place in cells
examples of antioxidants - ANSWERS•Vitamin E
•Vitamin C
•Selenium
•Flavonoids
•Carotenoids
Oxidative stress occurs - ANSWERSwhen free radicals accumulate faster than the body can metabolize
them.
free radicals - ANSWERSmolecules with an unpaired electron
Phytochemicals are - ANSWERSnaturally occurring plant compounds.
•Carotenoids
•Flavonoids
Fat-soluble vitamins tend to be - ANSWERSmore stable than water-soluble vitamins.
, fortified foods - ANSWERS•Voluntary addition of nutrients by manufacturers to:
•Enhance the nutrient quality of food
•Prevent or correct dietary deficiencies
•Ensure adequate intake for some individuals
-enrichment is a form of it
-can lead too excess
vitamin A names - ANSWERSretinol: found in animal food sources, stored in body, helps reproduction
retinal, retinoic acid: Found in plants
•Retinal function: Vision
•Retinoic function: Regulates growth
•Preformed vitamin A (retinyl ester) is found primarily in animal foods.
Some plants contain provitamin A compounds, which - ANSWERSare converted to retinol in your body.
vitamin A (functions) Participates in: - ANSWERS•Vision
•Protein synthesis and cell differentiation (skin cell pic)
•Reproduction
•Bone health
•A healthy immune system
•May help fight cancer
•Carotenoids are antioxidants.
Strict vegans need to meet vitamin A intake through - ANSWERScarotenoids and beta-carotene-rich
foods.
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