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JMU HTH 100 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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JMU HTH 100 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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JMU HTH 100 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSIncidence - Answers-the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease. An ____ rate is
the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the
disease.
Prevalence - Answers-the number of prevalent cases is the total number of cases of
disease existing in a population. A ____ rate is the total number of cases of a disease
existing in a population divided by the total population.
Morbidity - Answers-illness
Mortality - Answers-death
Primary Prevention - Answers-aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
Secondary Prevention - Answers-aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that
has already occurred.
Tertiary Prevention - Answers-ims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury
that has lasting effects.
Primary prevention examples - Answers--legislation and enforcement to ban or control
the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos) or to mandate safe and healthy practices
(e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets)
-education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. eating well, exercising regularly, not
smoking)
-immunization against infectious diseases.
Secondary prevention examples - Answers-regular exams and screening tests to detect
disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms, colonoscopies)
-daily, low-dose aspirins and/or diet and exercise programs to prevent further heart
attacks or strokes
-suitably modified work so injured or ill workers can return safely to their jobs.
Tertiary prevention examples - Answers--cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs,
chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression, etc.)
-support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well
-vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers for new jobs when they have
recovered as much as possible.
Monaco - Answers-Which country has the highest/longest life-expectancy (89 = age)
Infectious Disease - Answers-Leading cause of death under the age of 5
, The Medical Model - Answers-Model views health status as focused on the individual
and their tissues or organs.
Public Health Model - Answers-Model views health as a result of the individual's
interactions with the social and physical environment.
physical - Answers-body size and functioning
social - Answers-having a broad social network and successful interaction with others
intellectual - Answers-ability to think clearly and make responsible decisions
emotional - Answers-ability to express emotions and maintain a level of self-confidence
spiritual - Answers-having a sense of meaning and purpose in one's life
environmental - Answers-appreciation of one's external environment
biology and behavior - Answers-what influences your health?
Health Belief Model - Answers-developed by psychologist I. Rosenstock in 1966.
-a healthy behavior change is more likely if:
•The health problem is perceived to be serious
•The individual perceives that the health problem poses a threat
•Benefits of the action are perceived•Barriers are perceived less important than
benefits•There are cues to action
Social Cognitive Model - Answers-Albert Bandura.
Behavior <--> Social Environment <--> Inner thoughts and feelings <--> Behavior
(triangle pyramid)
Transtheoretical Model (TTM) - Answers-developed by Drs. James Prochaska and
Carlos DiClemente and includes the following stages: •Precontemplation
stage•Contemplation stage•Preparation stage•Action stage•Maintenance
stage•Termination stage
SMART System
(successful goals are SMART)
(Sami May Act Really Tough) - Answers-•Specific
•Measurable
•Action-oriented
•Realistic
•Time-oriented
Chad - Answers-lowest life expectancy rate
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