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NUR 631 Exam 2 Questions And Answers
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NUR 631 Exam 2 Questions And Answers NUR 631 Exam 2 Questions And Answers NUR 631 Exam 2 Questions And Answers
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NUR 631 Exam 2What are examples of things that can cause visceral pain? - ANS Intestine, biliary tree, liver disease
What are examples of things that can cause parietal pain? - ANS Appendicitis, peritonitis
What are examples of things that can cause referred pain? - ANS Cholecystitis
What are examples of things that can cause colicky pain? - ANS Renal stones
What is the order in which you should perform an abdominal physical exam? - ANS 1. inspection
2. auscultation
3. percussion
4. palpation
What diagnosis would you consider for a 30 year old with heart burn, early satiety, burping and
generalized abdominal pain? - ANS Dyspepsia related to gastritis
What diagnosis would you consider for a 50 YEAR OLD SMOKER with heart burn and abdominal pain? -
ANS Colon cancer
How high is the bilirubin level when the patient is starting to develop physical jaundice? - ANS 2.5 or
higher
______________ bilirubin is unconjugated, which means that it has not been metabolized by the liver or
made into a water soluble form of bilirubin - ANS Indirect bilirubin
,________________ is processed bilirubin that is water soluble - ANS Direct bilirubin
What are some of the causes of elevated indirect bilirubin levels? - ANS - hemolysis
- heart failure
- Gilbert syndrome
- neonates
- hyperthyroidism
- chronic hepatitis & advanced liver cirrhosis
What are some of the causes of elevated direct bilirubin levels? - ANS - choledocholithiasis
- tumors
- AIDS
- acute/chronic pancreatitis
- viral hepatitis
- alcoholic hepaitits
- biliary tree cholangitis
- sepsis
- TPN
- postoperative cholestasis
- sickle cell disease
- pregnancy
- end stage liver disease
What does a history of fever, chills and RUQ pain indicate? - ANS Acute cholangitis
,What does RUQ pain with a history of anorexia, malaise and myalgias indicate? - ANS Viral hepatitis
What is the terminology for when the gallbladder is so distended that you can palpate it? - ANS
Courvoiser Sign
What is the terminology for inspiratory arrest that occurs when you are putting pressure on the RUQ
due to inflammed gallbladder? - ANS Murphey's Sign
Which liver enzyme is specific for hepatocytes? - ANS ALT
Which liver enzyme is more specific to alcohol, statins and tylenol use? - ANS AST
If the ratio of AST to ALT is 2 to 1, what does this indicate? - ANS Liver damage due to alcohol, statins or
tylenol
If the ratio of ALT is twice as high as AST, what does this indicate? - ANS Viral hepatitis
What is the normal range for ALT and AST? - ANS 30-40
What does an elevated ALT, AST and Alk Phos indicate? - ANS Gallbladder obstruction
What are the signs and symptoms in a patient that has MILD melena? - ANS Resting tachycardia
What are the signs and symptoms in a patient that has melena with a blood volume loss of at least 15%?
- ANS Orthostatic hypotension
, What are the signs and symptoms of a patient that has melena with a blood volume loss of at least 40%?
- ANS Supine hypotension + abdominal pain
What type of anemia would someone with melena have? - ANS Iron deficiency anemia
What is the gold standard diagnostic test for a patient with Melena? - ANS Endoscopy
What are the leading causes for dysphagia? - ANS Alzheimer disease + stroke
This type of dysphagia is due to a tumor that is obstructing the passage of food - ANS Mechanical
dysphagia
This type of dysphagia is due to a neurological deficit resulting in the inability to swallow - ANS
Functional dysphagia
What is the gold standard diagnostic test for dysphagia? - ANS Video fluoroscopic swallow study
IF a patient over the age of 50 comes in with dysphagia, what would you assume? - ANS Esophegeal
cancer
If a patient comes in with SUDDEN dysphagia, what would you assume? - ANS Patient had a stroke
What is the term used to describe the chronic immunological disease that manifests in intestinal
inflammation? - ANS Inflammatory Bowel Disease
What is the term used to describe a clinical syndrome of uncertain etiology characterized by lower
abdominal pain and alternating diarrhea and/or constipation - ANS Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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