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Exam (elaborations) Anatomy and physilogy Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology
This post covers Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology sample exam questions with correct answers
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CHAPTER 1 : SEELEY'S ANATOMY ANDPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW (SOLVED)
Anatomy - The study of the shape and structure of the body and its parts, and their relationship
to each other
Systemic anatomy - The study of the body by systems.
Ex. Cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal, muscular.
Regional anatomy - The study of the organization of the body by area. Ex. head, abdomen, arm.
Surface anatomy - The study of external features
Ex. Bony projections.
Anatomical anatomy - Use of X-ray, ultrasound, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Physiology - The study of how the body and its parts work or function
Major goals of physiology - 1. To understand and predict the body's responses to stimuli.
2. To understand how the body maintains conditions within a narrow range of values in the
presence of continually changing internal and external environments.
Human physiology - Study of a specific organism, the human.
Cellular physiology - The biological study of the activities which take place in a cell to keep it
alive.
Systemic physiology - The study of the function of the body's systems.
What is the relationship between Anatomy and Physiology? - The relationship between anatomy
and physiology are that they will always correlate with each other anatomy being the study of
the actual physical organs and their structure as well as their relationship to each other. While
physiology studies how those organs work to function the whole body as organ systems.
Why would you have a hard time learning and understanding physiology if you did not know
anatomy? - Without understanding the parts and structure of the body it would be impossible to
learn how those parts worked as a function to create the human being.
Six structural levels - 1. Chemical level
, 2. Cell level
3. tissue level
4. Organ level
5. Organ systems level
6. Organism level
Chemical level - The chemical level is the most basic level of structural organization. It consists
of atoms (tiny building blocks of matter) and molecules (sugar,water) which also form
microscopic cells.
Cell level - Consists of cells (The smallest unit of living things). Cells vary widely in shape and
size and have their own particular functions in the body.
Tissue level - Tissues consist of groups of similar cells with a common function. there are four
basic tissue types, each of these tissue types perform unique but definite roles in the human
body.
What are the 4 tissue types? - Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Organ level - Consists of Organs which are structures composed of two or more tissue types to
perform a simple function. At this level complex function becomes possible for example the
organ small intestine is made up of all four of the tissue types to be able to digest and absorb
food.
Organ system level - An Organ System is a group of organs that work together accomplish a
complex function in the body. There are 11 organ systems in the human body that all work
together to create the interior and exterior of the human being.
Organism level - The organismal level represents the highest level of structural organization. It
is the sum total of all the organ systems working together to keep us alive.
Organelle - Small, little organ. Specialized part of a cell preforming one or more specific
functions.
Organism - Any living thing
Six characteristics of life - 1. Organization
2. Metabolism
3. Responsiveness
4. Groth
5. Development
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