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PT 623 Gastrointestinal Disorders 3.4 Exam
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PT 623 Gastrointestinal Disorders 3.4 ExamWhat is included in the upper GI tract - ANSWER mouth, esophagus, stomach
the esophagus includes _______ and _________ sphincters - ANSWER upper and lower
the stomach ends at the ___________ - ANSWER pyloric valve
what is the endocrine function of the stomach - ANSWER secretes acids and digestive
enzymes
what is the exocrine function of the stomach - ANSWER produces HCO3, mucous,
hypochlorous acids, and factors that allow absorption of B12
what are the upper GI pathologies - ANSWER - GERD
- barretts esophagus
- esophageal cancer
- gastritis
- peptic ulcer disease
________ is the dysfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter allowing back up of
stomach acid into the esophagus - ANSWER GERD
what are the treatment options for GERD - ANSWER - dietary changes
- medications including antacids or anti-ulcers
- education
, what are the educational items for GERD - ANSWER - elevating the head of the bed
- losing weight
- avoiding fatty foods that promote reflux
- avoid bedtime snacks
- eliminating alcohol and tobacco use
- avoiding chocolate
- using thickened liquids
_________ is chronic changes that occur due to chronic or untreated GERD, alcohol
intake, smoking - ANSWER barretts esophagus
in _______ disease is where the lining of the esophagus becomes histologically more like
intestinal tissues - ANSWER barretts esophagus
what is included to get a diagnosis for barrett's esophagus - ANSWER endoscopy with
biopsy
barrett's esophagus can lead to - ANSWER esophageal cancers and eventually will need
surgery
what are the procedures/surgeries of the esophagus - ANSWER - thoracoscopy
- mediastinoscopy
- laparoscopy
- endoscopic ablation
- esophagectomy
____________ is done with a thoracoscopy can allow for stenting of esophagus - ANSWER
laparoscopy
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