OTD 433 PAMS Comprehensive Exam
Questions and Answers
What iiis iievidence iibased iipractice? ii- iiAnswers ii-integration iiof iiclinical iiexpertise,
iipatient iivalues, iiand iibest iiresearch iievidence iiinto iithe iidecision iimaking iiprocess iifor
iipatient iicare
What iiis iicategorized iiunder iimedical iicomplexity iiin iithe iinew iimedicare iipayment
iisystem? ii- iiAnswers ii-medical iimanagement
pulmonary
cardiovascular iiand iicoagulation
cancer
acute iiinfection
What iiis iicategorized iiunder iiorthopedic, iineurological iiin iithe iinew iimedicare iipayment
iisystem? ii- iiAnswers ii-major iijoint iireplacement iior iispinal iisurgery
non-orthopedice iisurgery ii
acute iineurologic
non-surgical iiorthopedic/musculoskeletal
medical iimanagement
What iiis iithe iitop/down iidefinition iiof iifunction? ii- iiAnswers ii-client's iiperformance iiof iilife
iiroles iiand iimeaningful iiactivities iithat iiare iipart iiof iithose iiroles
assessment iifocused iion iiclient's iiparticipation iirestriction, iioccupational iibalance, iiand
iilife iirole iiconfiguration
uses iioccupation iias iimeans iiand iian iiend
What iiis iithe iibottom/up iidefinition iiof iifunction? ii- iiAnswers ii-specific, iidiscrete iibody
iiimpairment iithat iiaffects iilarger iidaily iilife iiactivities
assessment iifocused iion iibody iiimpairment iilevel iipathology
What iiis iisystems iitheory? ii- iiAnswers ii-all iibody iisystems iiwork iitogether iito iiachieve
iioccupational iiperformance iiand iifunction
What iistates iirequire iispecial iiPAMs iilicensing? ii- iiAnswers ii-Florida
New iiYork
Illinois
Nebraska
,South iiDakota
California
Montana
New iiHampshire
New iiJersey
Georgia
Maryland
Kenntucky
Tennessee
What iiare iiclient iifactors? ii- iiAnswers ii-components iiwhich iireside iiwithin iior iiare iiunique
iibiophysiological iifactors iiof iithe iiindividual
affects iiability iito iiengage iiin iioccupation iiand iiactivities
AOTA's iidefinition: iicomponent iithat iiincludes iibody iifunction iiand iibody iistructures
What iiis iithe iisignificance iiof iiPAMs? ii- iiAnswers ii-used iias iia iipreparatory iimethod iito
iitreating iia iivariety iiof iineuro-musculoskeletal iimovement iiand iisensory iifunction
should iibe iiadjunctive iito iioccupational iiperformance
What iiare iiphysical iiagents iimodalities? ii- iiAnswers ii-procedures iiand iiinterventions iithat
iiare iisystematically iiapplied iito iimodify iispecific iiclient iifactors iiwhen iineurological,
iimusculoskeletal, iior iiskin iiconditions iiare iipresent iithat iimay iibe iilimiting iioccupational
iiperformance
use iivarious iiforms iiof iienergy iito iimodulate iipain, iimodify iitissue iihealing, iiincrease
iitissue iiextensibilitiy, iiand iidecrease iiedema/inflammation
What iiare iisuperficial iithermal iiagents? ii- iiAnswers ii-penetrat ii1-2cm iiwith iiheating iior
iicooling iienergy
ex: iihydrotherapy, iiwhirlpool, iicryotherapy, iifluidotherapy, iihot iipack, iiparaffin, iiwater,
iiinfrared
How iido iisuperficial iithermal iiagents iiwork? ii- iiAnswers ii-conduction: iidirect iicontact iiwith
iitissue
convection: iienergy iiswirls iiaround iitissue
What iiare iideep iithermal iiagents? ii- iiAnswers ii-penetrate ii0-5cm iiwith iiheating iior
iicooling iienergy
ex. iitherapeutic iiultrasound, iiphonophoresis, iidiathermy
,What iiare iielectrotherapeutic iiagents? ii- iiAnswers ii-use iielectricity iiand iielectromagnetic
iispectrum iito iifacilitate iitissue iihealing, iiimprove iimuscle iistrength iiand iienducarnce,
iidecrease iiedema, iimodulate iipain, iidecrease iiinflammatory iiprocess, iimodify iithe
iihealing iiprocess
ex. iineuromuscular iielectrical iistimulation ii(NMES), iifunctional iielectrical iistimulation
ii(FES), iitranscutaneous iielectrical iinerve iistimulation ii(TENS), iihigh iivoltage iigalvanic
iistimulation ii(ESTR), iihigh iivoltage iipietsid iicurrent ii(HVPC), iiiontophoresis
What iiis iipain? ii- iiAnswers ii-unpleasant iisensory iiand iiemotional iiexperience iiassociated
iiwith iiactual iior iipotential iitissue iidamage iior iidescribed iiin iiterms iiof iisuch iidamage
What iiwas iispecificity iitheory? ii- iiAnswers ii-idea iithat iipain iiis iia iidirect iitransmission
iisystem iiof iia iipain iiimpulse iifrom iinociceptor iicarried iiby iiA-delta iiand iiC-fibers iifrom
iiperiphery iito iipain iicenter iiin iithe iibrain iivia iithe iilateral iispinothalamic iitract
mental iipain iiis iidifferent iifrom iiphysical iipain
What iiis iithe iirole iiof iiA-delta iifibers? ii- iiAnswers ii-small, iifast, iiprotective iipain iifibers
What iiis iithe iirole iiof iiC-fibers? ii- iiAnswers ii-slow, iichronic iipain iifibers
What iiis iithe iirole iiof iiA-beta iifibers? ii- iiAnswers ii-large iipain iiinhibition iifibers
What iidid iiBeecher iidiscover iiabout iipain? ii- iiAnswers ii-discovered iithere iiis iino
iirelationship iibetween iiwound iiseverity iiand iiintensity iiof iireported iipain iibut iithere iiis iia
iirelationship iibetween iipsychological iistatus iiand iiobjective iidrug iiresponse
pain iiis iimore iicomplex iithan iioriginally iibelieved
What iiis iigate iicontrol iitheory? ii(Melzack iiand iiWall) ii- iiAnswers ii-pain iiresults iifrom iia
iiseries iiof iiexchanges iiamong iithe iiperipheral iinerves, iispinal iicord, iiand iithe iibrain
What iiare iithe iithree iicomponents iiof iigate iicontrol iitheory? ii- iiAnswers ii-peripheral
iinerves
spinal iicord
iibrain
How iidoes iinociception iiwork iiin iithe iiperipheral iinerves? ii- iiAnswers ii-nociceptors
iiconvert iiexternal iitraumatic iistimuli iiinto iielectrical iiactivity iias iiprimary iiafferent iinerves
iithat iiconduct iisensory iiinformation iifrom iiPNS iito iiCNS
CNS iipain iiinformation iiis iitransmitted iifrom iiprimary iisensory iineuron iito iicentral
iiprojection iineurons
, What iiare iinociceptors? ii- iiAnswers ii-detect iisensation iias iiother iireceptors iiwith iia
iihigher iiactivation iithreshold iito iidetect iipotential iior iiactual iitissue iidamage
What iidoes iithe iipain iipathway iilook iilike iiin iithe iispinal iicord? ii(gate iicontrol) ii- iiAnswers
ii-pain iisignal iitransmitted iiby iinerve iifibers iienter iithe iispinal iicord iiat iithe iidorsal iihorn
ii(gate) iiand iirelease iineurotransmitters iito iiactivate iinerve iicells iiin iispinal iicord iiand
iiprocess iiinformation iiand iitransmit iiit iiup iito iithe iibrain
What iidoes iithe iipain iipathway iilook iilike iiin iithe iibrain? ii(gate iicontrol) ii- iiAnswers ii-pain
iimessages iitravel iiup iithe iispinal iicord iiand iiarrive iiat iithe iithalamus iithat iiforwards
iimessages iito iithe iisomatosensory iicortex, iilimbic iisystem, iiand iithe iifrontal iicortex
brain iiresponds iito iimessages iiby iisending iia iisecondary iimessage iito iispinal iicord iito
iimoderate iipain ii(gate iicontrol)
What iiis iithe iifast iipain iipathway iiin iithe iibrain? ii- iiAnswers ii-production iiof iiendorphins
iithat iitravel iito iithe iithalamus iiand iicortex iito iidecrease iipain iior iiinjury iiby iiattaching iito
iithe iiMu iireceptors ii(opiod iitheory)
What iiis iithe iislow iipain iipathway iiin iithe iibrain? ii- iiAnswers ii-chronic iiafferent iipathway
iito iihypothalamus iiand iilimbic iisystem iithat iireleases iistress iihormone iiand iipain iii iis
iiassigned iimeaning
What iiis iithe iiefferent iipathway? ii(gate iicontrol) ii- iiAnswers ii-messages iidescend iifrom
iibrain iito iispinal iicord iithat iiopens iior iicloses iithe iigate
What iifactors iicause iithe iipain iigate iito iiopen? ii- iiAnswers ii-sensory ii- iiinjury, iiinactivity,
iidrug iiuse, iibody iimechanics, iipacing iiof iiactivities ii(cycle iiof iipain)
cognition ii- iifocusing iion iipain, iioutside iiinterest, iiworrying
emotional ii- iidepression, iianger, iianxiety, iifrustration, iihopelessness, iihelplessness
What iiis iiacute iipain? ii- iiAnswers ii-protective iifunction iito iiindicate iitissue iidamage iithat
iilasts iia iishort iiamount iiof iitime
What iiis iiacute iirecurrent iipain? ii- iiAnswers ii-episodes iiof iipain iiwith iipain iifree iiperiods
iibetween ii"flare iiups" iithat iilasts iiless iithan ii3 iimonths iiwith iian iiidentified iiphysical
iiprocess
What iiis iichronic iipain? ii- iiAnswers ii-pain iithat iioccurs iipast iithe iipoint iiof iitissue iihealing
iiand iiis iiless iiindicative iiof iitissue iidamage iithat iilasts iimore iithan ii3-6 iimonths iiwith iia
iinon iispecific iiidentifiable iicause iidue iito iinerve iidamage iior iinervous iisystem iireaction
the iibrain iiand iiANS iido iino iithink iithe iitissue iiis iihealing