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DVA3706 EXAM SEMESTER 2 2024 Question 1 Explain why it is important to re-define the concept of migration within the context of rural development. (50)$2.93
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DVA3706 EXAM SEMESTER 2 2024 Question 1 Explain why it is important to re-define the concept of migration within the context of rural development. (50)
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Course
Rural Development (DVA3706)
Institution
University Of South Africa (Unisa)
DVA3706 EXAM SEMESTER 2 2024
Question 1
Explain why it is important to re-define the concept of migration within the context of rural development. (50)
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Question 1
Explain why it is important to re-define the concept of migration within the
context of rural development. (50)
Migration has long been associated with urbanization, where individuals leave rural
areas in search of better employment, education, and living conditions. However, in
the South African context, migration involves much more than a simple rural-to-urban
transition. Migration today includes complex flows such as circular migration, return
migration, and climate-induced relocation. Given that rural communities face
persistent challenges—including high unemployment, food insecurity, and climate
vulnerability—it is crucial to redefine migration within the framework of rural
development. A broader understanding of migration will enable policymakers to design
more effective interventions that leverage human capital, financial remittances, and
skills transfer, while also addressing challenges such as demographic shifts and
environmental displacement. This redefinition can ensure that rural development
strategies are inclusive, sustainable, and aligned with real-world mobility patterns.
Changing Patterns of Migration
Migration is no longer a one-time, permanent movement but often involves circular
migration, where people temporarily migrate to cities and return to rural areas at
intervals. This cyclical movement influences labour supply in rural economies and
impacts consumption patterns in both rural and urban areas. Current rural
development strategies must adapt to these realities to avoid economic disruptions
and ensure that infrastructure planning matches population fluctuations. For example,
in South Africa, many workers from rural Limpopo migrate to Gauteng for temporary
jobs in sectors like construction and retail, returning home seasonally during holidays.
These migrants often build houses or invest in small businesses during their time back
in rural areas. Recognizing circular migration enables rural planners to provide better
infrastructure and services during peak return periods, such as December holidays.
Without planning for these movements, healthcare and social services in rural areas
become strained.
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