, Environmental Science
Environment Ecological footprint
- Circumstances or conditions that ↑
A that calculates demands placed on
surround an organism, & the complex of nature by individuals & nations
social or cultural conditions that affect
an individual or community
Stages of conservation history
-
Environmental science &
Pragmatic resource conservation
&
Systematic, scientific study of our
environment as well as our role in it Utilitarian conservation
F About understanding where we live A philosophy that resources should be
&
used for the greatest good for the
Major themes greatest number for the longest time
S
Family sizes have almost declined ↑
Moral & aesthetic nature preservation
everywhere
Average Five children to two children a family Biocentric preservation
I
Chronic hunger has declined i
A philosophy that emphasizes the
800 million people suffer from chronic hunger fundamental right of living organisms
because violent conflicts, unequal access to to exist & to pursue their own goods
resources
&
Growing concern about health &
Species are being eliminated by habitat
- ecological damage from pollution
destruction, overexploitation,
pollution, and exotic organisms Modern environmentalism
8
Acquiring fossil fuels causes air & ↑
Attention to environmental issues that
water pollution, mining damage, & includes concern for environmental
political conflict resources & pollution
Carbon dioxide has increased by 50% in the Global environmental citizenship
:
past 200 years
Air quality has worsened Sustainable development
Especially in China & India Improving well-being & the standard Of
Growth in water supplies & modern life over the long-term
sanitation Ecosystem services is a term for goods,
Services, @products
Waterborne infections diseases have China's use of coal-powered electricity
declined dramatically has doubled in less than a decade
, Environmental Science
Sustainable development Sustainable development goals
Improving well-being & the standard Of Set of 17 goals adopted by the United
!
life over the long-term Nations in 2015
Ecosystem services is a term for
goods, Services, & products we rly on
Shared resources & ecosystem services
can be described as "common property"
Indigenous people often Protect
Biodiversity
China's use of coal-powered electricity Millennium development goals
has doubled in less than a decade Set of goals established in 2000 by the
United Nations
Include ending poverty, hunger, improving
literacy, health, child survival & access to safe
water
United Nations estimated it would $135
billion per year to abolish extreme poverty
and infectious diseases over the next 20
years
Tragedy of the commons
An inexorable process of degradation of
communal resources due to selfless of free
riders who use or destroy more than their
fair share
Published in 1968
Written by Garret Hardin
North Atlantic cod fisheries, once the
world's greatest fish population was
destroyed by unregulated fishing
, Environmental Science
Planetary boundaries of irreversible Inherent value
I
environmental change is another way Ethical values or rights that exist as an
to think about environmental services intrinsic or essential characteristic of a
particular thing or class of things
9 Major systems simply by the fact of their existence
Climate change Instrumental value
Biodiversity The value or worth of objects that
Land system change satisfy the needs and wants of moral
Freshwater use agents. Objects that can be used as a
Biogeochemical flows means to some desirable end
Ocean acidification
o
Atmospheric aerosols Stewardship
A
Stratospheric ozone loss A philosophy that holds that humans
·
Chemical pollution have a unique responsibility to manage,
Indigenous peoples often defend care for, & improve nature
biodiversity Inspires many religious leaders to
Development challenges are especially promote conservation
severe for indigenous people
Environmental Justice
Ethics A recognition that access to a clean,
-
Branch of philosophy concerned W/ healthy environment is a fundamental
right & wrong right of all human beings
Extends Morals Combines civil rights W/ environmental
Moral value protection
The value or worth of something 3/5 African Americans & Latinos & half
based on moral principles native Americans, Asians, Pacific Islanders
live in community's w/ 1 or more uncontrolled
toxic wastes
Moral extenionism
Expansion of our understanding of Lulu (locally unwanted land uses)
inherent value or rights to persons, Toxic waste dumps, incinerators, smelters,
organisms, or things that might not be airports
considered worthy of value