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GHY 104 Exam 4 Guide With Solution
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GHY 104 Exam 4 Guide WithSolution
Mineral deposits within caves and caverns are known as... - ANSWER speleothems.
Over the span of 70 million years, the Earth's climate... - ANSWER was much warmer
70 m.y.a. compared to the present.
Obliquity, i.e. variations in the Earth's axial tilt, range from ________ to ________ over a
41,000-year cycle. - ANSWER 21.5° to 24.5°
The key elements of climate change science include which of the following? -
ANSWER study of past climates, measurement of current climatic change, and
projection of future climate scenarios
The most abundant greenhouse gas in the Earth's atmosphere is... - ANSWER water
vapor (H2O).
The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report concludes... - ANSWER scientists are 95 to 100%
certain that human activities are the primary cause of present climate change.
Since 1973, global average specific humidity has... - ANSWER increased by about
0.1g/kg.
Which of the following accurately describes 18O/16O ratios of the world's oceans? -
ANSWER E) During periods of colder temperatures, 16O is locked up in snow and ice
and 18O concentrations are highest in the oceans.
Changes in the orientation of the Earth's axis over a 26,000-year cycle is known as...
- ANSWER precession.
How do scientists use lake sediments to study past climates? - ANSWER Lake
sediments contain organic materials that can be identified and radiocarbon dated,
, giving insight into past plant communities and climatic conditions.
Why is the thawing of permafrost in the Arctic of special concern? - ANSWER
Permafrost thawing releases massive amounts of methane into the atmosphere,
which could further amplify warming.
The science that studies Earth's past climates is... - ANSWER paleoclimatology
The 1997 legally binding international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions is known as the... - ANSWER Kyoto Protocol
Seasonal fluctuations in CO2 emissions reflect... - ANSWER seasonal changes in
vegetation cover.
The graph shows that from 1850 to 2000, five large volcanic eruptions have 15)
_________
A) increased the amount of acid deposition in areas surrounding the eruptions.
B) had no noticeable effects on global temperatures, only local and regional
temperatures.
C) resulted in lowered global temperatures for several years.
D) caused a sudden rise in global temperatures, often lasting a decade or more.
E) led to dramatic increases in regional temperatures over the past century. -
ANSWER
Ice cores provide a climate record for the past ________ years. - ANSWER 800,000
A lower 18O/16O ratio in ice core indicates a(n) ________ climate, whereas a higher
18O/16O ratio indicates a(n)
________ climate. - ANSWER cooler; warmer
The Medieval Climate Anomaly was... - ANSWER a mild climate episode that lasted
from 800 to 1200 and involved warmer than normal conditions in the North Atlantic
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