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Anatomy and Physiology Hon Module 3 Module Exam| Questions & Answers
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Anatomy and Physiology Hon Module 3 Module Exam| Questions & Answers
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Anatomy and Physiology HonModule 3 Module Exam| Questions
& Answers
Name and describe the key components of the two major divisions of the
nervous system - -The nervous system is responsible for coordinating motor
functions
Central Nervous System:
-Responsible for processing and interpreting signals from the senses and the
body's inner organs, and programming reflexes and instincts
-Brain and Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System:
-Responsible for sending information to and from the brain and spinal cord
-Nerves
-Identify the structure and function of arachnoid mater - -Arachnoid Matter:
the middle layer of the meninges. This net-like membrane includes a
subarchnoid space that contains cerebrospinal fluid.
-What role do sensory fibers play in the nervous system? - -Sensory Nerves:
fibers that convey messages toward the central nervous system (brain and
spinal cord)
-What is white matter surrounding the brain made up of? - -bundles of
nerve fibers
-Describe the cerebrospinal fluid - -Cerebrospinal Fluid: (Spinal Fluid)
circulates through the spaces between the meninges, protecting the CNS
from injury by spreading the force of impact over a larger area. Also removes
metabolic waste from the CNS
-What role does the peripheral nervous system play throughout the body? -
-The PNS connects the CNS to the limbs and organs
Sensory Somatic Nervous System: a voluntary system that interprets signals
received from the senses and responds to them
Autonomic Nervous System: an involuntary system that is not under
conscious control and is responsible for making sure that all the things the
body needs to do are done in order to keep you going (ex: breathing
, -Where will you find myelin sheaths, and what role do they play? - -in white
matter
Myelin Sheaths: the fatty protein that makes white matter white. White
matter covers the outside of the spinal cord and parts of the brain.
-Describe the difference between the makeup of white matter and gray
matter - -Gray Matter:
-made up of neurons and inner nuerons.
-gray because of an absence of meylin sheaths
White Matter:
-cover the outside of the spinal cord and parts of the brain
-made up of bundles of nerve fibers
-white because it is covered with myelin sheaths, a fatty protein
-If you touch an object, what is the correct pathway of nervous transmission
from finger to brain? - -PNS to CNS
-Identify the structure and function of the ventral root - -Roots attach the
spinal nerves to the spinal cord.
-The Anterior Ventral Roots consists of motor nuerons
-Describe the components that make up the reflex arc - -Reflex Arc: the
shortest pathway between the spinal cord and a corresponding muscle or
gland.
-Usually includes two or three neurons
The order of a reflex arc is:
-Receptor receives a stimulus and initiates an impulse
-Impulse moves along a sensory neuron through dorsal root and into the
spinal column where it passes to an interneuron
-The internueron processes the signal and send it through the dorsal root to
a motor nueron
-The motor nueron passes the impulse to an effector muscle or gland to
stimulate a response
-Be able to identify the different components of our spinal cord from a
diagram - -
-What role do internuerons play in the nervous system? - --Internuerons
process the impulse in a reflex arc
-Internuerons can move signals in both directions
-Found only within the CNS
-Identify the functions that are possible through functional lumbar nerves -
--Hip Motion
-Knee Extension
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