Exam (elaborations)
ECPI Anatomy-Physiology 1 + lab Exam Questions and Answers
ECPI Anatomy-Physiology 1 + lab Exam Questions and Answers
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ECPI Anatomy/Physiology 1 + lab ExamQuestions and Answers
Origins of Medical science - Answers -1.) Started with superstition and magic
2.) Originated in Greek & Latin terminology
Scientific Method - Answers -"Investigating the Natural World"
Testing a Hypothesis = - Answers -1.) Rejecting or Accepting the hypothesis
2.) Based on results of experiment and observations
Anatomy + Physiology = ? - Answers -How the body maintains life
Anatomy - Answers -"cutting up"
1. structures of the body
2. Forms/ organization
Physiology - Answers -"relationship to nature"
1. functions of the body
2. What do they do and how?
Gene Expression Profiling - Answers -Reveals commonalities among pairs of diseases
that had not been suspected based on whole-body-level observations
Chemical Organization - Answers -1.Atoms
2. Molecules
Subatomic Particles - Answers -Make up atoms
Molecules - Answers -Where atoms join together
Macromolecules - Answers -Small molecules join together to make larger molecules
Human Organism Organization smallest-largest - Answers -1. Subatomc particles
2. atoms
3. molecules
4. macromolecules
5. organelles
6. cells
7. tissues
8. organs
,9. organ systems
10. organisms
Cells - Answers -basic unit
Organelles - Answers -carry on specific activities
e. proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
tissues - Answers -layers/masses of cells with special functions
Organs - Answers -groups of tissues with specific functions
organs systems - Answers -groups of organs that function close together
organisms - Answers -interacting organ systems
Internal environment - Answers -environment within the body in which the cells live
Cell membrane - Answers -interior and exterior cell membranes
Interior cell membrane - Answers -intracellular fluid
exterior cell membrane - Answers -extracellular fluid
homeostasis - Answers -the maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment
Interdependency of cells - Answers --cells depend on one another
-if some cells arent able to function, other cells and the entire organism may suffer
-structure and function are interrelated
Gradients & Permeability - Answers -down a gradient (High to Low)
high pressure to low pressure
high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion - Answers -high concentration to low concentration (concentration gradient)
membrane permeability - Answers -what is allowed in to the membrane or not
Permeant - Answers -substance can pass through
Cellular differentiation - Answers -cells become specialized
-different cell types (muscle/nerve) access information encoded in different genes to
make specific proteins
-proteins that cells make determine the function
, Cell membrane mechanisms - Answers --determines which substances enter a cell and
which cannot
-allow cells to respond to certain signals
Cell to cell communication - Answers -membrane receptors / feedback loops
Feedback loops - Answers --negative or positive
-cells signal each other when the internal environment has been compromised so
adjustments can be made to keep homeostasis
-when adjustments have been made, they also signal to show the adjustments are no
longer needed.
Homeostatic Mechanisms = - Answers -feedback loops
-receptors
-control center
-effectors
Balance within the body - Answers -must replace substances that are lost and eliminate
substances that are no longer needed or in excess
Energy processes - Answers --everything in the body requires energy
-heat energy (cells kept chemically active)
-energy released from chemical reactions in a form that cells can use.
Characteristics of life - Answers --movement
-responsiveness
-growth
-reproduction
-respiration
-digestion
-absorption
-circulation
-assimilation
-excretion
Metabolism - Answers -collection of chemical reactions in cells that support life
-reproduction (digesting/ingesting/absorbing)
-respiration for growth and repair
Requirements of organisms - Answers --water
-food
-oxygen
-heat
-pressure
Homeostasis - Answers -the body's ability to keep its internal conditions stable
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