History of Earth Systems Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Earth\\\'s Systems
Institution
Earth\\\'s Systems
True or false: plate tectonics is an important process in regulating Earth's climate. - Answer-True
The pre-industrial CO2 concentration was approximately ___ ppm. - Answer-280
The concentration of CO2 today is approximately ___ ppm. - Answer-415
Oil is organic matter from ____ , and coal ...
History of Earth Systems Exam 1
Questions with Correct Answers
True or false: plate tectonics is an important process in regulating Earth's climate. -
Answer-True
The pre-industrial CO2 concentration was approximately ___ ppm. - Answer-280
The concentration of CO2 today is approximately ___ ppm. - Answer-415
Oil is organic matter from ____ , and coal is from ____. - Answer-Ocean and lake
phytoplankton; terrestrial plants
True or false: atmospheric CO2 has been variable throughout Earth's history but oxygen
has been constant. - Answer-False
True or false: if there were no greenhouse gases, then Earth would be 33 degrees
Celsius cooler. - Answer-True
The most effective greenhouse gas is ___. - Answer-Ozone (O3)
True or false: greenhouse gases are defined by the ability to absorb and (re)emit visible
wavelengths. - Answer-False; infrared radiation
True or false: Mars has more greenhouse gases than Venus which is why scientists
search for life on the planet. - Answer-False
Negative feedbacks tend to cause: - Answer-Stable equilibrium states
Explosive volcanic eruptions can release ___ that can lead to short-term cooling events,
and ___ can lead to long-term warming trends. - Answer-Aerosols; carbon dioxide
The Earth material with the highest albedo is ___. Modern climate change creates what
type of feedback? - Answer-Ice; positive
Name the two metabolic pathways that can create energy. - Answer-Photosynthesis
and chemosynthesis
Halophiles can live in extreme environments with elevated: - Answer-Salt
True or false: the ONLY parameter that affects the amount of solar flux at the surface of
the earth are orbital (eccentricity, obliquity, precession) parameters. - Answer-False
Aerosols area emitted by: - Answer-Volcanoes, dust storms, impactors, and humans
, Earth has ___ Hadley cells in each hemisphere due to the rotational velocity. - Answer-
Three
True or false: Monsoon climate causes dry, arid regions on the leeward side of
mountains. - Answer-False
The direction of the trade winds are driven by ___ heating and ___ effect. - Answer-
Differential; Coriolis
True or false: the deep ocean currents are related to density due to gas solubility and
salt. - Answer-False
True or false: the increased formation of sea-ice is a negative feedback. - Answer-False
The initial driver of ocean surface and deep ocean circulation is: - Answer-Differential
solar flux
The surface ocean is driven by ___ and ___ effect which together is referred to as ___
Transport (Spiral). - Answer-Wind, Coriolis, Ekman
True or false: the largest seasonal albedo changes occur in the high (closer to the
poles) latitudes. - Answer-True
True or false: the dissolved solid constituents and concentrations in rainwater, river
water, and seawater are similar. - Answer-False
Water has a ___ heat capacity than rocks. - Answer-Higher
Upwelling is important because it brings cold, dense waters with ___ to the surface
which is important primary production. - Answer-Nutrients
Coastal upwelling is driven by two processes: - Answer-Wind and Coriolis effect
True or false: the summer season is most critical for controlling the size of ice sheets. -
Answer-True
Name a long term sink of chemical elements or nutrients - Answer-Biological,
precipitation, sediments, chemical precipitation, evaporation
The Redfield ratio is ___ carbon: 16 ___: ___ phosphorus. - Answer-106; nitrogen; 1
True or false: the process in which sea-ice increases is a positive feedback. - Answer-
True
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