,1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a key feature of
the endosymbiotic theory?
A) Mitochondria originated from aerobic bacteria.
B) Chloroplasts originated from photosynthetic bacteria.
C) Eukaryotic cells originated from prokaryotic cells.
D) All of the above.
Correct Answer: D) All of the above.
Rationale: The endosymbiotic theory suggests that
mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from bacteria that
were taken into a host cell as endosymbionts.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The process by which a gradient of
concentration is used to generate ATP is known as
__________.
Correct Answer: Chemiosmosis.
Rationale: Chemiosmosis is the process of generating
ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and
the ATP synthase enzyme.
3. True/False: Telomeres shorten with each round of DNA
replication, which contributes to aging.
Correct Answer: True.
Rationale: Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes
and do shorten with each round of DNA replication, which is
believed to contribute to the aging process.
, Correct Answers: A) Fossil records, B) Comparative
anatomy, D) Antibiotic resistance.
Rationale: Fossil records show changes over time,
comparative anatomy shows similarities among different
organisms, and antibiotic resistance demonstrates
adaptation.
5. Multiple Choice: In a population of rabbits, the allele
frequency of a gene changes over several generations due
to random mating. This is an example of:
A) Genetic drift.
B) Gene flow.
C) Natural selection.
D) Mutation.
Correct Answer: A) Genetic drift.
Rationale: Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution that
refers to random changes in the frequency of alleles in a
population over time.
6. Fill-in-the-Blank: The __________ is the basic unit of life
that can perform all necessary functions.
Correct Answer: Cell.
Rationale: The cell is the smallest unit that can carry out
all the processes necessary for life.
7. True/False: The bottleneck effect results in a decrease in
genetic variation due to a severe reduction in population
size.
Correct Answer: True.
Rationale: The bottleneck effect occurs when a
population's size is significantly reduced, leading to a loss of
genetic variation.
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