,1. Question : A patient with chronic heart failure is
prescribed digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance should a
nurse monitor for, as it increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Hypocalcemia
- C) Hyponatremia
- D) Hypokalemia
Answer : D) Hypokalemia
Rationale : Low potassium levels can increase the
effects of digoxin, potentially leading to toxicity. Monitoring
potassium levels helps prevent adverse outcomes.
2. Question : In patients with asthma, beta-2 agonists are
typically administered to:
- A) Reduce inflammation in the airways.
- B) Block beta-1 adrenergic receptors.
- C) Stimulate beta-2 adrenergic receptors, causing
bronchodilation.
- D) Inhibit leukotriene production.
Answer : C) Stimulate beta-2 adrenergic receptors,
causing bronchodilation.
Rationale : Beta-2 agonists target beta-2 receptors in
the bronchial smooth muscle, leading to relaxation and
bronchodilation.
, - B) Potential for increased creatinine levels
- C) Hyperkalemia
- D) Hyponatremia
Answer : C) Hyperkalemia
Rationale : ACE inhibitors can decrease renal excretion
of potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, particularly
concerning in renal impairment.
4. Question : Which of the following is a common side
effect of opioids that requires regular monitoring?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Diarrhea
- C) Constipation
- D) Rash
Answer : C) Constipation
Rationale : Opioids often slow gastrointestinal motility,
resulting in constipation, requiring management strategies
like laxatives or fiber.
5. Question : The therapeutic effect of warfarin is
monitored using which of the following laboratory tests?
- A) Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
- B) Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
- C) Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio
(PT/INR)
- D) Platelet count
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