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POLS 121 Final exam questions with answers verified A+POLS 121 Final exam questions with answers verified A+ Sources of Insecurity: Environmental Security and Scarcity - correct answers-*Scarcity is a threat and trigger for conflict in the international system *4 types of security: political ...

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 12
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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POLS 121 Final exam questions with answ
if if if if if if




ers verified A+
if if




SourcesifofifInsecurity:ifEnvironmentalifSecurityifandifScarcityif-ifcorrectifanswers-
*Scarcityifisifaifthreatifandiftriggerifforifconflictifiniftheifinternationalifsystem

*4iftypesifofifsecurity:ifpoliticalif(rightiftoifbeiffreeiffromifdictatorship);ifEconomicifandifSocialif(rightiftoifsurviveifvi
aifeconomicifopportunity);ifCulturalif(rightiftoifbeifwhoifweifwant);ifEnvironmentalif(freeiffromifecoifdestruction)

*Strategicifminerals:ifallifmineralsifnecessaryifforifmoderniftechnologyif(mostifcomeiffromifChina;iflessifminerals
=moreifconflict)

*Energy:ifmostifbigifoiliffieldsifalreadyifdiscovered;ifeventuallyifsupplyifwillifrunifoutif

*Food:ifsharpifdeclineifinifyieldsiffromiffarmersifcausesifrisingifpricesifcausesifpeopleiftoifchangeifwhatiftheyifeat

*Water:ifwaterifscarcityiftriggersifinternalifandifexternalifconflictifandifinsecurity

*Conflictifofiftheiffutureifwillifbeifdrivenifbyifscarcityifandifhumanifinsecurity,ifNOTifideology

*TragedyifofiftheifCommons:ifpersonalifgainsifandifsharedifcostsifmakeifitifrationaliftoifoveruseiftheifcommons;ifcr
eatesifdemandifinducedifscarcityif(pop.ifgrowth)ifandifsupplyifinducedifscarcityif(statesifhaveifincentiveiftoifdeple
teifresources);ifexternalifinterventionifexacerbatesiftragedy

*tooifmanyifresourcesifjustifasifbadifasiftooiflittle:ifAfricanifstatesiflackifauthorityiftoifprotectifinternalifresourcesiffr
omifthemselves

*Nat'lifsecurityifofiftheiffutureifdedicatediftoiffightingifscarcityif(solutions=technology,ifbetterifinsurance,ifnewifs
ourcesifofifenergy)(issue=tradeoffifb/wifenergyifpolicyifandifhumanifsecurityifpolitics)

RobertifKaplan:if"TheifComingifAnarchy"if-ifcorrectifanswers-
*WestifAfricanifstatesifareifnotifstrongifenoughiftoifprovideifsecurityifforifcitizensifandiftourists

*"TheifgovtifinifSierraifLeoneifhasifnoifwritifafterifdark"

*MapsifofifWestifAfricaifdon'tifaccuratelyifportrayifboundariesifofifpowerif(peopleiftraffickingifmakesifbordersifm
eaningless)

*NOifFUNCTIONALifSOVEREIGNTYifINifWESTifAFRICA

*Futureifwars/violenceifwillifhappenifbcifofifresourceifscarcity

*SocialSocialifTheory=thereifareifonlyifsocialifcausesifforifsocialifandifpoliticalifchanges,ifNOTifnaturalifcauses

*Africa=movingifcentersifofifpower,ifNOTifstateiflines

Homer-Dixon:if"TerrorifiniftheifWeatherifForecast"if-ifcorrectifanswers-
*Islandifstatesifagreeifclimateifchangeifisifaifthreat;ifstatesifdependentifoniffossiliffuelsifdismissifitifasifaifthreat

, *droughtsifandifheatifwavesifwillif"ripifapartifsocietiesiffromifoneifsideifofiftheifplanetiftoiftheifother"

*climateifchangeifmoreifdangerousifthanifnuclearifproliferation

*Environmentalifstressifmultipliesifpainifbroughtifaboutifbyifpoverty

*climateifchangeifpromotesifgenocide,ifinsurgencies,ifandifterrorism

Burke:if"WarmingifIncreasesiftheifriskifofifCivilifWarifinifAfrica"if-ifcorrectifanswers-
*"Climateifchangeifwillifworsenifinstabilityifinifalreadyifvolatileifregions"

*Agricultureifisif50%ifofifGDPifandif90%ifemployment

*RISINGifTEMPS=MOREifCONFLICT

*Avg.iflikelihoodifofifconflictifincreasedifbyif54%ifacrossiftheifcontinent

*Risingiftempsifnegativelyifaffectifagriculturalifeconomy

*aid/outsideifknowledgeifcanifhelpifcombatifcropiffailures

SourcesifofifInsecurity:ifFailedifStatesif-ifcorrectifanswers-
*stateiffailure=inabilityiftoifprovideifpoliticalifgoodsif(security,ifsocialifwelfare,ifeconomicifopportunity,ifpolitical
iffreedom)



*stateiffailureifleadsiftoifregionaliffailure

*Onceifaifstateiffails,ifitifisifoftenifrationaliftoifletifitiffail

Whatifleadsiftoiffailure:if1.ifPoorifleadership:ifcausesifincreaseifinifcorruptionif(democraticifnormsifsuspended,ifp
owerifconsolidated,ifviolenceifusedifagainstifpopulation...2.ifLackifofifstateifdevelopment:ifgrantingifsovereignt
yiftoifweakifstateifcatalyzesifcollapseifbcifnoifoneiftoifdefendifweakifstate;iftryingiftoifchangeifpoliticalifcultureiffrom
ifoutsideifweakensifstate



*failedifstatesifareifyoung+democraticif(<5yrsifold)

*Piracy=criminalityifonifhighifseas

*stateifresponsesiftoifpiracy:ifDoifnothing,ifincreaseifpolicing,ifeliminateifsanctuaries,ifprovideifeconomicifaid,ifs
olveifstateiffailureifonifland

*Solutionsiftoifpiracy:ifkillifthemifw/ifmilitaryifforce,ifuseifinternationaliflaw

*Terrorismifisifcostifefficientifbcifstateifactionsifgenerateifviolentifresponsesifandifhumanitarianifcrises

*Terrorifisifanifactifofifcommunicationifthatifrequiresifsymbolicifaction

*Responsesiftoifterrorism:ifDefeatif(offensiveifcounterterrorism),ifDefendif(defensiveifcounterterrorism),ifDen
yif(goifafterifstatesifthatifsupportifterrorists),ifDiminishif(solveifunderlyingifconditionsifthatifallowifforifterrorism)

*Solutionsiftoiffailedifstates:ifGovernmentifaid/assistance,iftransnationalifadministration,iftrusteeshipsif(failedi
fstateifhaveiftheirifsovereigntyifwithdrawnifandifoutsideifactorsiftakeifoverifstateiffunctionsifuntilifstabilityifensue

s),ifSharedifsovereigntyif(failedifstateifmaintainsifsovereigntyifbutifsharesifcertainiffunctionsifwithifoutsideifactor
s)

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