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ANSC 4395-Breeding & Genetics FINAL exam with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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ANSC 4395-Breeding & Genetics FINALexam with complete solutions 2024/2025
Simply-Inherited Traits: - ANSWER✔️
✔-Traits
️ affected by only a few genes
EX: Coat color, Horns
Simply-inherited Traits:
-Qualitative or categorical - ANSWER✔️
✔-Either/or
️ expression
EX: Black or red, Horned or polled
Simply-inherited Traits are rarely... - ANSWER✔️
✔-quantitative
️ (Measured with
numbers or continuous)
EX: White spotting in cats (1-9 numerical rating)
Simply-inherited Traits are typically, affected very little by... - ANSWER ✔️
✔-️
environment
EX: Chocolate lab may bleach out if left in the sun, but there is no mistaking it for
a black or yellow lab
Polygenic Traits: - ANSWER✔️
✔-Affected
️ by many genes with no gene having
an overriding influence
EX: Growth rate, Milk production, Ribeye area
Polygenic Traits are typically... - ANSWER✔️
✔-quantitative
️ or continuous in
expression
, -Phenotypes are usually described by numbers
EX: Weaning weights, Milk yield, Ribeye Area
Polygenic Traits are greatly influenced by... - ANSWER ✔️
✔-environment
️
-Lack of feed
-Heat/cold stress
-Training of quarter horses (speed)
Some polygenic traits have categorical phenotypes, called what? -
ANSWER✔️ ✔-Threshold
️ Traits
-Pregnancy (pregnant or not pregnant)
-Dystocia (1-5)
-Natural gait (trotter or pacer)
-Influenced by many genes but have an either/or result
Between simply-inherited and polygenic traits, which is more important? -
ANSWER✔️ ✔-Typically,
️ polygenic traits
-Growth rate, fertility, milk production
-Traits that determine productivity and profitability
Traits: Some markets are more sensitive to... - ANSWER ✔️
✔-simply-inherited
️
traits
-Coat or feather color
-Polled
Genetic defects are usually... - ANSWER✔️
✔-simply-inherited
️
Common Characteristics of Simply-inherited & Polygenic Traits: - ANSWER ✔️ ✔--
️
Both are subject to the same Mendelian mechanisms (Laws of segregation &
independent assortment)
-Dominance and epistasis affect both
-Principles of selection and mating apply to both (attempt to increase the
frequencies of favorable alleles)
Different Breeding Approaches-
Function of the number of genes involved: - ANSWER✔️ ✔--The
️ more genes
involved, the more difficult it is to observe the effects of individual genes, and
therefore the less specific info we have about those genes
-More "noise" in equation
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