Exam (elaborations)
NAFC Nutrition Coach: Questions & Complete Answers
- Course
- Institution
NAFC Nutrition Coach: Questions & Complete Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
NAFC Nutrition Coach: Questions & Complete AnswersWhat is the Structural and Functional Unit of any complex organism Right
Ans - Cell
Characteristics of Healthy Cells Right Ans - -Take in only the nutrients
needed to function properly
-Grow to a fairly uniform size and shape
-Multiply only when needed or directed to
-Don't infringe on each other's space
-Communicate and cooperate with each other for the good of the whole
organism
Characteristics of Unhealthy Cells Right Ans - -Take in all the nutrients they
can get, thereby depriving surrounding cells of vital nutrients
-Keep growing beyond their normal preprogrammed size and shape.
-Multiply out of control
-Infringe upon and push into and damage surrounding healthy cells
-Cease to communicate and/or cooperate with other cells or the body as a
whole. This leads to a breakdown in the function and structural integrity of
the tissue or organ involved.
Cell Theory States.. Right Ans - -Cells are the building blocks of plants and
animals
-All cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
-Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
-Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level
-Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of many
cells
-The human body contains many different types of cells
Cytology Right Ans - The study of structure and function of cells
Homeostasis Right Ans - The property of a system (Cell, Tissue, Organ,
Organism) either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and
tends to maintain a stable, constant condition.
A typical cell.. Right Ans - -Is surrounded by extra-cellular fluid, which is
the interstitial fluid of the tissue.
,-Has an outer boundary called a cell membrane
-Has many components including the cellular organelles. These organelles
carry out all the vital processes required for life.
-Must take in nutrients from the interstitial fluid; use those nutrients to create
all the substances needed to carry on life; secrete any products meant for use
outside the cell; as well as excrete all waste products
Cell Membrane Right Ans - The outer boundary of a cell
DNA Right Ans - Is a sequence of chemical bases that essentially stores
information in a "code" that tells the cell what proteins to make
When unraveled, how far would the DNA in each cell stretch? Right Ans - 2-
3 meters long
When unraveled, all of the DNA in a single body would stretch how far?
Right Ans - From the Earth to the Sun and around 400 times
How many DNA are in the body? Right Ans - Approximately 35,000 genes
that make up 300,000 different proteins
Gene Activation Right Ans - Initiates with Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Polymerase binding to the gene. (RNA Polymerase is a large protein)
Transcription Right Ans - The formation of Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
(mRNA) from DNA.
mRNA Right Ans - Carries instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What are the two types of organelles found in cells? Right Ans -
Membranous and Non-membranous
Membranous Organelles are surrounded by Right Ans - Lipid Membranes
Membranous Organelles also feature Right Ans - -Endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi Apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Peroxisomes
-Mitochondria
,Non-Membranous Organelles are Right Ans - not enclosed by a membrane
and always in touch with the cytosol.
Non-Membranous Organelles also consist of Right Ans - -Cytoskeleton
-Microvilli
-Centrioles
-Cilia
-Ribosomes
-Proteasomes
Cell Membrane Right Ans - Provides isolation, support and protection;
controls movement of materials in and out of the cell; acts as a barrier
between the cell and its environment
Cell Wall Right Ans - Provides support that allows them to grow tall;
provides protection; allows water, oxygen and CO2 to diffuse in and out of the
cell
The ________ is the Border of the Country because it surrounds the cell Right
Ans - Cell Membrane
The ________ is the City Wall in a medieval city because it is stronger than the
Cell Membrane Right Ans - Cell Wall
The ______ is the solar energy panel of the cell because it uses sunlight to create
energy for the cell Right Ans - Chloroplast
The _____ is the Lawns, Parks, Forest and Foliage of the cell because it is the
cell landscape and is found in any space where organelles aren't. Right Ans
- Cytoplasam
The _____ is the Steel Girders as they give each cell its distinctive shape and
high level of organization Right Ans - Cytoskeleton
The ______ is the Highways and Road Systems because it its involved in so
many of metabolic processes Right Ans - Endoplasmic Reticulum
, The ______ is the Post Office/FedEx/UPS of the Cell because it sends proteins
created by the ER and ribosomes throughout the cell. Right Ans - Golgi
Apparatus
Contains the genetic info, 23 pairs in humans Right Ans - Chromosomes
The _______ is the Recycling and Disposal Plants of the cell, as it is involved in
breaking down large molecules for either recycling or waste removal Right
Ans - Lysosomes
The________ is the Cell's Energy plant as it converts glucose to ATP Right Ans
- Mitochondria
The______ is the Brain of the Cell because it houses a majority of the genetic
material and controls all activity within the cell Right Ans - Nucleus
Nuclear Membrane Right Ans - Controls movement of materials in/out of
nucleus
Nucleolus Right Ans - Inside Nucleus, Makes Ribosomes
The _____ are the Protein Manufacturing Plants because they synthesize
proteins Right Ans - Ribosomes
Vacuoles and Vesicles Right Ans - Bubbles in the cytosol that are
responsible for storage of food, water, waste with multiple functions. Involved
in material transport.
Proteins make up ____ of the cell's structure Right Ans - 50+%
Proteins carry out ____ of the cell's functions Right Ans - 90+%
What are the preferred fuel sources of the body? Right Ans - Fatty acids
and Glucose
What is Proteomics? Right Ans - The study of composition, structure,
function, and interactions of the proteins directing the activities of each living
cell
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $24.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83637 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now